\def\currversion{January 15, 2001}

  %****************************************************************%
  %*                                                              *%
  %*     Prepared by Amy Hendrickson, TeXnology Inc.              *%
  %*     Copyright (C) 1996 by Amy Hendrickson, TeXnology Inc.,   *%
  %*     All rights reserved.                                     *%
  %*                                                              *%
  %*     TeXnology Inc.: 617 738-8029                             *%
  %*                     amyh@texnology.com                       *%
  %*                                                              *%   
  %*     Technical help:  dthelp@wkap.com                         *%           
  %*                                                              *%
  %****************************************************************%

%% Kluwer style files, including this one, may be ftp'd from www.wkap.nl


  %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
  %% Macro Contents:

  %% Dimensions
  %% Global Parameters
  %% LaTeX2.09/LaTeX2e Switch, font family declarations
  %% Listing
  %% Title Pages, List of Contributors, Preface, Introduction
  %% Part, Chapter, and Appendix Commands 
  %% Counters
  %% Header Level Names
  %% Section Commands 
  %% Verse, Quote, Extract 
  %% Math
  %% Figure and Table Captions 
  %% Table of Contents, List of Figures, LOT 
  %% Bibliography, References 
  %% Footnotes
  %% Running Heads
  %% Fonts for Specific Places
  %% Algorithm
  %% Glossary
  %% Index
  %% Draft line

  %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%% To change the level of heading that will print in the Table of Contents
%% search for \setcounter{tocdepth}{0} below, and change it if you have
%% a strong preference to have more levels of headings appear in the toc.
%% Default is \setcounter{tocdepth}{1} and that is the level Kluwer prefers.

%% \setcounter{tocdepth}{0} means Chap. headings        will print in TOC
%% \setcounter{tocdepth}{1} means Chap. and section headings         "
%% \setcounter{tocdepth}{2} means Chap. sect, and subsect headings   "
%% \setcounter{tocdepth}{3} means Chap. sect, subsect and subsubsect "

\typeout{^^J^^J
Kluwer Academic Press^^J
Monograph Book Style^^J
Written by Amy Hendrickson, TeXnology, Inc., 3/96^^J
This version is dated \currversion^^J^^J}

%% Dimensions for both 2e and 2.09 ===>>>

\newif\ifll
\expandafter\ifx\csname LaTeXe\endcsname\relax % LaTeX2.09 is used
\else% LaTeX2e is being used, so set ll true
\global\lltrue\fi

\ifll
% To make these commands work the same way with earlier
%  versions of 2e.
%
\gdef\hb@xt@{\hbox to}
%
\def\DeclareRobustCommand{\@star@or@long\declare@robustcommand}
\def\declare@robustcommand#1{%
   \ifx#1\@undefined\else\ifx#1\relax\else
      \@latex@info{Redefining \string#1}%
   \fi\fi
   \edef\reserved@a{\string#1}%
   \def\reserved@b{#1}%
   \edef\reserved@b{\expandafter\strip@prefix\meaning\reserved@b}%
   \edef#1{%
      \ifx\reserved@a\reserved@b
         \noexpand\x@protect
         \noexpand#1%
      \fi
      \noexpand\protect
      \expandafter\noexpand\csname
         \expandafter\@gobble\string#1 \endcsname
   }%
   \let\@ifdefinable\@rc@ifdefinable
   \expandafter\new@command\csname
      \expandafter\@gobble\string#1 \endcsname
}
\def\@star@or@long#1{%
  \@ifstar
   {\let\l@ngrel@x\relax#1}%
   {\let\l@ngrel@x\long#1}}
%
\else
\gdef\@plus{plus}
\gdef\@minus{minus}
\fi

\parindent=1pc
\parskip=0pt plus .01pt 

\textheight = 45.5pc %Suzanne asked for 45.5pc, was 41pc
\vsize=\textheight
\textwidth 28.5pc %27pc in specs, 28.5 in old version
\newdimen\savetextwidth
\savetextwidth=\textwidth

\clubpenalty10000
\widowpenalty10000

\topmargin.75in
\headheight 12pt
\headsep 16pt
\topskip  0pt
\footskip 16pt

\columnsep 10pt
\columnseprule 0pt

\footnotesep 6.65pt
\skip\footins 24pt plus 4pt minus 2pt

\let\savefootnote\footnote
\let\savefootnotetext\footnotetext

\floatsep 12pt plus 2pt minus 2pt
\textfloatsep 20pt plus 2pt minus 4pt
\intextsep 12pt plus 2pt minus 2pt

\dblfloatsep 12pt plus 2pt minus 2pt
\dbltextfloatsep 20pt plus 2pt minus 4pt

\ifll\else
\global\@maxsep 20pt
\global\@dblmaxsep 20pt
\fi

\@fptop 0pt plus 1fil
\@fpsep 8pt plus 2fil
\@fpbot 0pt plus 1fil
\@dblfptop 0pt plus 1fil
\@dblfpsep 8pt plus 2fil
\@dblfpbot 0pt plus 1fil

\maxdepth=4pt %% 2e default is .5\topskip

%%\oddsidemargin 6pc % 2pc=no extra space on left
%%\evensidemargin 5.5pc %  2pc=no extra space on left
\oddsidemargin 3pc % 2pc=no extra space on left
\evensidemargin 3pc %  2pc=no extra space on left
\marginparwidth .75in

\if@twocolumn
 \setlength\marginparsep {10\p@}
\else
  \setlength\marginparsep{7\p@}
\fi
\setlength\marginparpush{5\p@}

\setlength\partopsep{2\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@}

%%%
\setcounter{topnumber}{3}
\def\topfraction{.99}
\setcounter{bottomnumber}{3}
\def\bottomfraction{.9}
\setcounter{totalnumber}{9}
\def\textfraction{.01}
\def\floatpagefraction{.9}
\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{2}
\def\dbltopfraction{.7}
\def\dblfloatpagefraction{.5}
%%%

\setlength\arraycolsep{5\p@}
\tabcolsep 6pt


\setlength\arrayrulewidth{.4\p@}
\setlength\doublerulesep{2\p@}
\setlength\tabbingsep{\labelsep}
\skip\@mpfootins = \skip\footins
\setlength\fboxsep{3\p@}
\setlength\fboxrule{.4\p@}

\setlength\columnsep{10\p@}
\setlength\columnseprule{0\p@}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% <<== end dimensions

%%% Global parameters ==>>

\@afterindenttrue

\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
\setcounter{tocdepth}{4}

%% to make left and right page position differently.
\@twosidetrue  \@mparswitchtrue
\@twocolumnfalse

%% 2e ==>>>
\newif\if@openbib
%\@openbibtrue
\@openbibfalse
\newif\if@openright
\newif\if@mainmatter 
\@mainmattertrue
\newif\if@restonecol
\newif\if@titlepage

%% Start new chapter on right side
\newif\if@openright
\@openrighttrue
%% <<== end 2e

\newcommand{\contentsname}{Contents}
\newcommand{\listfigurename}{List of Figures}
\newcommand{\listtablename}{List of Tables}
\newcommand{\bibname}{Bibliography}
\newcommand{\indexname}{Index}
\newcommand{\figurename}{Fig.}
\newcommand{\tablename}{Table}
\newcommand{\partname}{Part}
\newcommand{\chaptername}{Chapter}
\newcommand{\appendixname}{Appendix}

%%% <== end global parameters


%%% LaTeX2.09/LaTeX2e Switch  ====>>>

\font\egtbf=cmbx8
\font\sevbf=cmbx7
\font\fivbf=cmbx5

\ifll \let\dooptions\ProcessOptions
\else
\let\dooptions\@options\fi
\dooptions

\def\@xiiipt{13}
\ifll
\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
\ProvidesClass{kapmono}[1999/07/13]
\newcommand{\@ptsize}{}
\renewcommand{\normalsize}{%
   \@setfontsize\normalsize\@xipt\@xiiipt 
   \abovedisplayskip 10\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus5\p@
   \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus3\p@
   \belowdisplayshortskip 6\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus3\p@
   \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
   \let\@listi\@listI}
\normalsize
\newcommand{\small}{%
   \@setfontsize\small\@ixpt{11}%
   \abovedisplayskip 8.5\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus4\p@%
   \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus2\p@%
   \belowdisplayshortskip 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@%
   \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini%
               \topsep 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@%
               \parsep 2\p@ \@plus\p@ \@minus\p@%
               \itemsep \parsep}%
   \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip%
}
\newcommand{\footnotesize}{%
   \@setfontsize\footnotesize\@viiipt{9.5}%
   \abovedisplayskip 6\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
   \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus\p@
   \belowdisplayshortskip 3\p@ \@plus\p@ \@minus2\p@
   \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
               \topsep 3\p@ \@plus\p@ \@minus\p@
               \parsep 2\p@ \@plus\p@ \@minus\p@
               \itemsep \parsep}%
   \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
}
\newcommand{\scriptsize}{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@viipt\@viiipt}
\newcommand{\tiny}{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vpt\@vipt}
\newcommand{\large}{\@setfontsize\large\@xiipt{14}}
\newcommand{\Large}{\@setfontsize\Large\@xivpt{18}}
\newcommand{\LARGE}{\@setfontsize\LARGE\@xviipt{22}}
\newcommand{\huge}{\@setfontsize\huge\@xxpt{25}}
\newcommand{\Huge}{\@setfontsize\Huge\@xxvpt{30}}

\@maxdepth\maxdepth
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
\DeclareRobustCommand{\cal}{\@fontswitch{\relax}{\mathcal}}
\DeclareRobustCommand{\mit}{\@fontswitch{\relax}{\mathnormal}}

\else %% LaTeX2.09
%% To get bold super and sub-scripts in the right size:
\gdef\xpt{\textfont\z@\tenrm
  \scriptfont\z@\sevrm \scriptscriptfont\z@\fivrm
\textfont\@ne\tenmi \scriptfont\@ne\sevmi \scriptscriptfont\@ne\fivmi
\textfont\tw@\tensy \scriptfont\tw@\sevsy \scriptscriptfont\tw@\fivsy
\textfont\thr@@\tenex \scriptfont\thr@@\tenex \scriptscriptfont\thr@@\tenex
\def\unboldmath{\everymath{}\everydisplay{}\@nomath\unboldmath
          \textfont\@ne\tenmi
          \textfont\tw@\tensy \textfont\lyfam\tenly
          \@boldfalse}\@boldfalse
\def\boldmath{\@ifundefined{tenmib}{\global\font\tenmib\@mbi
   \global\font\tensyb\@mbsy
   \global\font\tenlyb\@lasyb\relax\@addfontinfo\@xpt
   {\def\boldmath{\everymath{\mit}\everydisplay{\mit}\@prtct\@nomathbold
        \textfont\@ne\tenmib \textfont\tw@\tensyb
        \textfont\lyfam\tenlyb \@prtct\@boldtrue}}}{}\@xpt\boldmath}%
\def\prm{\fam\z@\tenrm}%
\def\pit{\fam\itfam\tenit}\textfont\itfam\tenit \scriptfont\itfam\sevit
    \scriptscriptfont\itfam\sevit
\def\psl{\fam\slfam\tensl}\textfont\slfam\tensl
     \scriptfont\slfam\tensl \scriptscriptfont\slfam\tensl
\def\pbf{\fam\bffam\tenbf}\textfont\bffam\tenbf
    \scriptfont\bffam\sevbf \scriptscriptfont\bffam\fivbf
\def\ptt{\fam\ttfam\tentt}\textfont\ttfam\tentt
    \scriptfont\ttfam\tentt \scriptscriptfont\ttfam\tentt
\def\psf{\fam\sffam\tensf}\textfont\sffam\tensf
    \scriptfont\sffam\tensf \scriptscriptfont\sffam\tensf
\def\psc{\@getfont\psc\scfam\@xpt{\@mcsc}}%
\def\ly{\fam\lyfam\tenly}\textfont\lyfam\tenly
   \scriptfont\lyfam\sevly \scriptscriptfont\lyfam\fivly
\@setstrut \rm}
%
\gdef\@normalsize{\@setsize\normalsize{13pt}\xipt\@xipt
\abovedisplayskip 10\p@ plus2\p@ minus5\p@
\belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
\abovedisplayshortskip  \z@ plus3\p@
\belowdisplayshortskip  6\p@ plus3\p@ minus3\p@
\let\@listi\@listI}

\gdef\small{\@setsize\small{11pt}\ixpt\@ixpt
\abovedisplayskip 8.5\p@ plus3\p@ minus4\p@
\belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
\abovedisplayshortskip \z@ plus2\p@
\belowdisplayshortskip 4\p@ plus2\p@ minus2\p@
\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
\topsep 4\p@ plus2\p@ minus2\p@\parsep 2\p@ plus\p@ minus\p@
\itemsep \parsep}}

\gdef\footnotesize{\@setsize\footnotesize{9.5pt}\viiipt\@viiipt
\abovedisplayskip 6\p@ plus2\p@ minus4\p@
\belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
\abovedisplayshortskip \z@ plus\p@
\belowdisplayshortskip 3\p@ plus\p@ minus2\p@
\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
\topsep 3\p@ plus\p@ minus\p@\parsep 2\p@ plus\p@ minus\p@
\itemsep \parsep}}
%
\gdef\scriptsize{\@setsize\scriptsize{8pt}\viipt\@viipt}
\gdef\tiny{\@setsize\tiny{6pt}\vpt\@vpt}
\gdef\large{\@setsize\large{14pt}\xiipt\@xiipt}
\gdef\Large{\@setsize\Large{18pt}\xivpt\@xivpt}
\gdef\LARGE{\@setsize\LARGE{22pt}\xviipt\@xviipt}
\gdef\huge{\@setsize\huge{25pt}\xxpt\@xxpt}
\gdef\Huge{\@setsize\Huge{30pt}\xxvpt\@xxvpt}
%
\gdef\bfseries{\bf}
\fi

\lineskip 1pt
\normallineskip 1pt
\def\baselinestretch{1}

\normalsize
%% <<== end font info


%% Listing, same as 2.09 ==>>

\def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini
            \parsep 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus\p@
            \topsep 8\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
            \itemsep4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus\p@}
\let\@listi\@listI
\@listi
\def\@listii {\leftmargin\leftmarginii
              \labelwidth\leftmarginii
              \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
              \topsep    4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus\p@
              \parsep    2\p@ \@plus\p@  \@minus\p@
              \itemsep   \parsep}
\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
              \labelwidth\leftmarginiii
              \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
              \topsep    2\p@ \@plus\p@\@minus\p@
              \parsep    \z@
              \partopsep \p@ \@plus\z@ \@minus\p@
              \itemsep   \topsep}
\def\@listiv {\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
              \labelwidth\leftmarginiv
              \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
\def\@listv  {\leftmargin\leftmarginv
              \labelwidth\leftmarginv
              \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
\def\@listvi {\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
              \labelwidth\leftmarginvi
              \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}

\leftmargini 15pt
\leftmarginii 18pt
\leftmarginiii 18pt
\leftmarginiv 17pt
\leftmarginv 10pt
\leftmarginvi 10pt

\leftmargin\leftmargini
\labelsep 6pt
\labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep

%\setlength\leftmarginii  {2.2em}
%\setlength\leftmarginiii {1.87em}
%\setlength\leftmarginiv  {1.7em}
%\if@twocolumn
%  \setlength\leftmarginv  {.5em}
%  \setlength\leftmarginvi {.5em}
%\else
%  \setlength\leftmarginv  {1em}
%  \setlength\leftmarginvi {1em}
%\fi
%\setlength\leftmargin    {\leftmargini}
%\setlength  \labelsep  {.5em}
%\setlength  \labelwidth{\leftmargini}
%\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}

\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
\@endparpenalty   -\@lowpenalty
\@itempenalty     -\@lowpenalty

\renewcommand{\theenumi}{\arabic{enumi}}
\renewcommand{\theenumii}{\alph{enumii}}
\renewcommand{\theenumiii}{\roman{enumiii}}
\renewcommand{\theenumiv}{\Alph{enumiv}}
\newcommand{\labelenumi}{\theenumi}
\newcommand{\labelenumii}{(\theenumii)}
\newcommand{\labelenumiii}{\theenumiii}
\newcommand{\labelenumiv}{\theenumiv}
\renewcommand{\p@enumii}{\theenumi}
\renewcommand{\p@enumiii}{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
\renewcommand{\p@enumiv}{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}

\def\sqbullet{\raise.2ex\hbox{\vrule width 4pt height4pt}}

\def\labelitemi{\hbox to12pt{\sqbullet\hfill}\hss}
\newcommand{\labelitemii}{\hbox to12pt{\bf --\hfill}}
\newcommand{\labelitemiii}{\hbox to12pt{$\m@th\ast$\hfill}}
\newcommand{\labelitemiv}{$\m@th\cdot$}
\newenvironment{description}
               {\list{}{\labelwidth\z@ \itemindent-\leftmargin
                        \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}
               {\endlist}

\ifll
\newcommand*{\descriptionlabel}[1]{\hspace\labelsep
                                \normalfont\bfseries #1}
\else
\gdef\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep \bf #1}\fi

%%% <<=== end of listing commands 

%% Title Pages, List of Contributors, Preface, Introduction,
%%                                        Acknowledgements==>>



\def\name#1{\vskip2pt\fakesc #1*\hskip10pt}

\newif\ifpreface

\def\preface{\chapter*{Preface}
\global\prefacetrue
\addcontentsline{toc}{spchapter}{\protect\numberline{Preface\string\hss}}
\global\titletrue\rhead{PREFACE}}

\def\endpreface{\newpage
\rhead{}}


\def\acknowledgments{\chapter*{Acknowledgments}
\addcontentsline{toc}{spchapter}
{\protect\numberline{Acknowledgments\string\hss}}
\global\titletrue\rhead{ACKNOWLEDGMENTS}}


\def\acknowledgment{\section*{ACKNOWLEDGMENTS}
\addcontentsline{toc}{spchapter}
{\protect\numberline{Acknowledgment\string\hss}}
\global\titletrue\rhead{ACKNOWLEDGMENT}}


\def\endacknowledgments{\rhead{}}
\let\endacknowledgment\endacknowledgments

\def\prefaceauthor#1{\def\pone{#1}\vskip14pt\hbox to\textwidth{\hfill
\expandafter\fakesc\pone*}}

\def\forewordauthor#1{\vskip14pt\hbox to\textwidth{\hfill
\vtop{\let\\ \cr
\halign{##\hfill\cr
#1
\crcr}
}}}

\let\forwardauthor\forewordauthor

\newif\ifdedi
\def\dedication#1{\newpage
\global\deditrue
\global\titletrue\null\vskip15pc
\noindent\hfill\vtop{\hsize=10pc
\leftskip=\parfillskip
\baselineskip=12pt
\parfillskip=0pt
\dedicationfont
\noindent#1\vskip1sp}
\thispagestyle{empty}
\newpage
\rhead{}}

\def\contributingauthors{\chapter*{Contributing Authors}
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\protect\numberline{Contributing Authors}}
\global\titletrue
\rightrunninghead{Contributing Authors}
\vskip1sp\vskip-16pt
\def\author##1{\vskip18pt
\noindent{\bf ##1}}}

\def\endcontributingauthors{\newpage
\markboth{}{}}

\def\introduction#1{\newpage
\bgroup
\parfillskip=0pt
\chapter*{\chaptertitlefont Introduction\hfill}
\vskip1sp
\vskip-14.5pc
\noindent\authorfont #1\egroup
\vskip12.5pc
\rightrunninghead{INTRODUCTION}%
\renewcommand{\thechapter}{I}%
\addcontentsline{toc}{spchapter}{\protect\numberline{Introduction\string\hss}}
{\let\\ \space \let\footnote\eatone\xdef\totoc{\tocauthorfont #1}}%
\addtocontents{toc}{{\string\noindent\totoc}}%
\indent\ignorespaces}

%% from 2e
\newcommand{\frontmatter}{\cleardoublepage
            \@mainmatterfalse\pagenumbering{roman}}
\newcommand{\mainmatter}{\cleardoublepage
       \@mainmattertrue\pagenumbering{arabic}}
\newcommand{\backmatter}{\if@openright\cleardoublepage\else\clearpage\fi
      \@mainmatterfalse}
%%



\newif\iftitle
\def\booktitle{\@ifnextchar[\@booktitle\sbooktitle}

\def\@booktitle[#1]#2{%
{\let\\\par
\xdef\thetitle{\uppercase{#2}}}
\xdef\theshorttitle{\uppercase{#1}}
\gdef\lrunninghead{\theshorttitle}}

\def\sbooktitle#1{%
{\let\\ =\par
\xdef\thetitle{\uppercase{#1}}}
{\let\\ =\ \xdef\lrunninghead{\uppercase{#1}}}
}


\def\subtitle#1{\def\thesubtitle{#1}}

\def\author#1{\vskip1pt
{\uppercase{\authorfont#1}}}

%% \def\authoraffil#1{{\vskip1pt\let\\ =\newline
\def\authoraffil#1{{\vskip7pt\let\\ =\newline
%%\authoraffilfont
\baselineskip16pt\authoraffilfont
#1\relax
\vskip12pt
}}

\def\booktitlerunninghead#1{\gdef\lrunninghead{#1}}
\booktitlerunninghead{}
\def\chaptitlerunninghead#1{\gdef\rrunninghead{#1}}
\chaptitlerunninghead{}
\let\rightrunninghead\chaptitlerunninghead
\let\rhead\chaptitlerunninghead
\rhead{}
\def\markboth#1#2{\rhead{#2}}

\booktitle{}
\subtitle{}

\newbox\testtitleheight

\def\halftitlepage#1{\thispagestyle{empty}
\moveright-3pt\vbox{\vskip-30pt
\parindent=0pt
\hsize=27pc
\noindent\hbox to0pt{\vrule height 3pt width 33pc\hss}
%%\vskip-1pt
\vskip7pt
%%\baselineskip19pt
\baselineskip24pt
\LARGE\boldmath\halftitlefont
#1\vskip1sp}
\newpage
\thispagestyle{empty}
}

\def\seriestitle#1{\def\theseriestitle{\uppercase{#1}}}

\def\editortable#1\endeditortable{\def\theeditortable{{\professorfont
\baselineskip=10pt
\let\\=\cr
\halign{#### \hfill&#### \hfill\cr
\hskip.5\textwidth&\hskip.5\textwidth\cr
#1
\crcr}}}}

\def\seriespage{\thispagestyle{empty}
\dimen0=\vsize
\advance\dimen0-1pt
\vbox to\dimen0{\parindent=0pt
\vbox to0pt{\vss
\seriestitlefont\theseriestitle
\vskip10.5pt
{\professorfont
Editors:}}
\professorfont
\vskip4pt
\vbox{\theeditortable}
\vskip1sp
\vfill
{\professorfont
Other Books in the series:}
\seriesbookfont
\vskip4pt
\theseriesbooks
}\newpage}

\def\seriesbook#1#2{\vskip.5pt{#1:
\vskip1sp
\noindent\hskip8pt\uppercase{#2}}\vskip1sp}

\def\seriesbooks#1\endseriesbooks{%
\def\theseriesbooks{\let\book\seriesbook
#1}}

\def\titlepage#1{\ifodd\c@page\else
\vfill\eject\null
\thispagestyle{empty}
\newpage\fi
\thispagestyle{empty}
\dimen0=\vsize
\advance\dimen0 by-6pt
\vbox to\dimen0{\vskip-30pt
\parskip=0pt
\parindent=0pt
\hsize=27pc
\noindent\hbox to0pt{\vrule height 0pt width 33pc\hss}
\vskip-1pt
{\baselineskip22pt
\LARGE\boldmath\booktitlefont
\thetitle\vskip1sp}
\vbox to 13pc{
\ifx\subtitle\empty\vfill\else
\vskip6pt %18pt
{\baselineskip14pt
\LARGE\boldmath\booktitlefont \thesubtitle\vskip1sp}\vfill\fi}
\baselineskip=9pt
{#1
}
\vfill
%%\baselineskip=10pt
\baselineskip=14pt
\kluwerfont\obeylines
International Academic Press 
\vskip1sp
{\locationfont
America-Europe-Asia}
}
\newpage
}


\def\dotspace{\hskip5pt\raise.5ex\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle\bullet$}\hskip5pt}

%% end Title Pages, Preface

%% Part, Chapter, and Appendix Commands ===>>>

\def\keywords#1{\vskip1sp{\small
\leftskip=55pt
\noindent\llap{\hbox to55pt{\bf Keywords:\hfill}}\ignorespaces#1\vskip1sp
\leftskip=0pt}
\vskip13pt}


\def\abstract{\vskip1sp\bgroup\small
\leftskip=55pt
\everypar={}
\noindent\llap{\hbox to55pt{\bf Abstract\hfill}}\ignorespaces}

\def\endabstract{\vrule width0pt depth 13pt\vskip1sp\egroup
\vskip1sp}

\def\chaptermark#1{}

\def\openright{\clearpage\ifodd\c@page \else
\null\thispagestyle{empty}\newpage\fi\global\titletrue%
}



\newcommand{\part}{\notes\clearpage\ifodd\c@page\else
\null\thispagestyle{empty}\newpage\fi
                 \thispagestyle{empty}%
                     \@tempswafalse
                 \secdef\@part\@spart}

\def\@part[#1]#2{%
\openright
\ifnum\c@chapter=0
\ifx\thepage\xpage\else
\pagenumbering{arabic}\fi\fi
      \refstepcounter{part}%
{\def\\ {\space} 
      \addcontentsline{toc}{part}{\protect\tocbodyfont
\thepart\string\hskip1em\relax#1}}%
    \markboth{}{}
    {\interlinepenalty \@M
\parindent=0pt
\baselineskip=20pt
\def\\ {\vskip1sp} 
\reset@font\partnumberfont \thepart\vskip19pt
\Large\boldmath\partfont
\gdef\argtwo{\uppercase{#2}}
\argtwo\par\unboldmath}%
    \@endpart}

\def\@spart#1{%
    {\centering
     \interlinepenalty \@M
     \reset@font
      \bfseries #1\par}%
    \@endpart}

\def\@endpart{\vfill\newpage
              \if@twoside
                \hbox{}%
                \thispagestyle{empty}%
                \newpage
             \fi}

\def\eatone#1{}

\newif\iffirstprologue
\def\prologue#1#2{\iffirstprologue
\vskip-6pc
\global\firstprologuefalse\fi
{\leftskip=1pc \rightskip=1pc
\parindent=0pt \small\it
\let\\ \chapskip#1\vskip1sp
\hbox to\textwidth{\small\rm\hfill---#2\hskip1pc}
}\vskip2pc\relax}




\def\chapter{\notes
\openright
\global\c@footnote=0
\global\footnum=0
\renewcommand{\thechapter}{\arabic{chapter}}
                    \global\@topnum\z@
                    \@afterindenttrue
                    \secdef\@chapter\@schapter}

\def\chapskip{\vskip-\parskip}


\def\xpage{\csname @arabic\endcsname \c@page}


\newcount\ftnum
\newcount\saveftnum
\def\catchfootnote#1{%
\global\advance\ftnum by1
\expandafter\gdef\csname thecatchfootnote\the\ftnum\endcsname{#1}}


\def\@chapter[#1]#2{\normalsize
\ifnum\c@chapter=0
\ifx\thepage\xpage\else
\pagenumbering{arabic}\fi\fi
\global\ftnum=0
\setbox0=\hbox{\let\thanks\catchfootnote
\let\\ \relax\let\footnote\catchfootnote#2}
{\def\thefootnote{\fnsymbol{footnote}}
\ifnum\ftnum<1 \else
\saveftnum\ftnum
\global\advance\saveftnum by1
\ftnum=1
\loop\ifnum\saveftnum>\ftnum
\advance\c@footnote by 1
\savefootnotetext{\csname thecatchfootnote\the\ftnum\endcsname}
\global\advance\ftnum by1
\repeat
\fi}
\global\appendonfalse
\global\c@appnum=0
\global\c@cappnum=0
{\let\thanks\eatone
\ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne
                       \if@mainmatter
                         \refstepcounter{chapter}%
                         \typeout{\@chapapp\space\thechapter.}%
                         \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}%
                                   {\protect\numberline{\thechapter.}
\uppercase{#1}}%
                       \else
                         \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{#1}%
                       \fi
                    \else
                      \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{#1}%
                    \fi
                    \rightrunninghead{#1}%
}
\@makechapterhead{{\let\\ \chapskip%
\gdef\two{\uppercase{#2}}\two}}%
\global\c@footnote=0
\@afterheading}

\def\dofootnotenumber#1{\global\advance\c@footnote by 1
\raise.9ex\hbox{\fnsymbol{footnote}}}

\def\@makechapterhead#1{%
\vbox to16pc{\vskip57pt
{\parindent \z@  \reset@font
    \interlinepenalty\@M
    \Large\boldmath \bfseries\chaptertitlefont 
\baselineskip17pt
{\chapternumberfont Chapter \thechapter}\vskip17pt
\hyphenpenalty=10000\relax
\baselineskip=20pt
\let\thanks\dofootnotenumber
\let\footnote\dofootnotenumber
\vskip1sp\noindent
#1
\vfill
}}\normalsize}

\def\@schapter#1{\if@twocolumn
                   \@topnewpage[\@makeschapterhead{#1}]%
                 \else
                   \@makeschapterhead{#1}%
                   \@afterheading
                 \fi}

\def\@makeschapterhead#1{%
\global\titletrue
\normalsize
  \vspace*{-30pt}%
  {\parindent \z@ \raggedright
    \Large  \reset@font
    \interlinepenalty\@M
\bfseries\schaptertitlefont #1\par\nobreak
\vskip15pc
}}

\let\articletitle\chapter
\newif\ifappendon
\newcount\c@appnum

\def\appendix{\notes\secdef\xappendix\xappendix}

\def\xappendix[#1]#2{\def\one{#2}
\global\c@theorem=0
\global\advance\c@appnum by 1
\newpage
\xdef\applett{\Alph{appnum}}
\let\@currentlabel=\applett
\gdef\rrunninghead{APPENDIX \applett\ifx\one\empty\else:\ \fi #1}
{\let\\ \space \let\footnote\eatone%
\parindent=0pt
\xdef\totoc{\string\vtop{\string\advance\string\hsize-80pt 
\string\baselineskip=10pt
\string\hyphenpenalty10000
\string\rightskip=0pt plus 35pt
\string\parfillskip=0pt plus 1fil
\string\noindent\space #1
}\string\hss}}
  \setcounter{section}{0}%
  \setcounter{figure}{0}%
  \setcounter{table}{0}%
  \setcounter{equation}{0}%
  \renewcommand{\@chapapp}{\appendixname}%
\ifnum\c@appnum=1
\addcontentsline{toc}{apchapter}{\protect\numberline{Appendices\string\hss}}\fi
\global\appendontrue
\chapter*{Appendix \applett\\ #2\vskip1sp}
\addcontentsline{toc}{spchapter}{\protect\numberline{\totoc\hss}}
\xdef\thechapter{\applett}
\small
}


\newcount\c@cappnum

\def\chapappendix#1{
\par
\global\appendontrue
\global\c@theorem=0
\global\advance\c@cappnum by 1
\xdef\applett{\the\c@chapter.\Alph{cappnum}}
\let\@currentlabel=\applett
  \setcounter{section}{0}%
  \setcounter{figure}{0}%
  \setcounter{table}{0}%
  \setcounter{equation}{0}%
  \renewcommand{\@chapapp}{\appendixname}%
  \renewcommand{\thechapter}{\the\c@chapter-\applett}
\def\one{#1}
\ifx\one\empty
\section*{APPENDIX \applett}\else
\section*{APPENDIX \applett: #1}
\fi
\gdef\rrunninghead{APPENDIX \applett\ifx\one\empty\else:\ \fi #1}
\small
}

%%% <<=== end Chapter, Part, and Appendix Commands 

%%% Counters ===>>
\newcounter {part}
\newcounter {chapter}
\newcounter {section}[chapter]
\newcounter {subsection}[section]
\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]

%%% <=== end counters

%%% Header Level Names ==>>
\renewcommand{\thepart}         {\Roman{part}}
\renewcommand{\thechapter}      {\arabic{chapter}}
\renewcommand{\thesection}      {\arabic{section}}
\renewcommand{\thesubsection}   {\thesection.\arabic{subsection}}
\renewcommand{\thesubsubsection}{\thesubsection.\arabic{subsubsection}}
\renewcommand{\theparagraph}    {\thesubsubsection\arabic{paragraph}}
\renewcommand{\thesubparagraph} {\theparagraph\arabic{subparagraph}}
\newcommand{\@chapapp}{\chaptername}

%%% <<== End Header Level Names


%%% Section Commands ====>>>>

% \@startsection {NAME}{LEVEL}{INDENT}{BEFORESKIP}{AFTERSKIP}{STYLE}
%            optional * [ALTHEADING]{HEADING}
%    Generic command to start a section.
%    NAME       : e.g., 'subsection'
%    LEVEL      : a number, denoting depth of section -- e.g., chapter=1,
%                 section = 2, etc.
%    INDENT     : Indentation of heading from left margin
%    BEFORESKIP : Absolute value = skip to leave above the heading.
%                 If negative, then paragraph indent of text following
%                 heading is suppressed.
%    AFTERSKIP  : if positive, then skip to leave below heading, else
%                 negative of skip to leave to right of run-in heading.
%    STYLE      : commands to set style
%  If '*' missing, then increments the counter.  If it is present, then
%  there should be no [ALTHEADING] argument.
%  Uses the counter 'secnumdepth' whose value is the highest section
%  level that is to be numbered.

\newcount\temptoc
\newif\ifupperandlower
\def\upperandlowercase{\global\upperandlowertrue}

\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{\global\@afterindenttrue
\let\dolabelnow\relax%
\ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
     \let\@svsec\@empty\else 
     \refstepcounter{#1}\edef\@svsec{\csname the#1\endcsname\ifnum#2<3.\fi%
\hskip 1.5em}\fi
     \@tempskipa #5\relax
\ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@ 
%
        \begingroup#6\relax  
        \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
{\interlinepenalty \@M \hyphenpenalty=10000 % No hyphenation in section heads
     \raggedright 
     %% make section head uppercase
     \ifnum#2=1 
{\def\label##1{\gdef\dolabelnow{\savelabel{##1}}}%
     \global\setbox0=\hbox{\let\footnotemark\relax\def\\ {\relax}#8}}%
\ifupperandlower\else\uppercase{\fi\fi% ok
     \def\label##1{}%
     \def\\ {\hfill\break}%
%
\gdef\eight{\ifupperandlower\else\uppercase{\fi#8\ifupperandlower\else}\fi}%
\eight
%
\ifnum#2=1\ifupperandlower\else}\fi\fi\par}%%
     \endgroup%
     \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}% 
     \temptoc=\c@tocdepth \advance\temptoc by1
\ifnum\temptoc >#2
     {%<===
\def\thesection{\thechapter.\the\c@section}%
\def\thesubsection{\thesection.\the\c@subsection}%
\def\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\the\c@subsubsection}%
     \def\\ { }%
    \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{\ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth\else%
                      \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}\fi
                    #7 }%<===
    }%<===
\fi%<===
\else
        \def\@svsechd{#6\hskip #3\relax
                 \@svsec #8.\csname #1mark\endcsname
                   {#7}\addcontentsline
                     {toc}{#1}{\ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
                             \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}\fi
                       #7}}\fi\@xsect{#5} 
\dolabelnow %% to make label not be uppercase.
}

\def\@ssect#1#2#3#4#5{%
  \@tempskipa #3\relax
  \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
    \begingroup
      #4{%
        \@hangfrom{\hskip #1}%
          \interlinepenalty \@M 
\ifupperandlower\else\ifnum#1<3\relax\uppercase{\fi\fi
#5
\ifupperandlower\else\ifnum#1<3}\fi\fi
\@@par}%
    \endgroup
  \else
    \def\@svsechd{#4{\hskip #1\relax #5}}%
  \fi
  \@xsect{#3}}
\newif\if@afterindent \@afterindenttrue
\def\@afterheading{%
  \@nobreaktrue
  \everypar{%
    \if@nobreak
      \@nobreakfalse
      \clubpenalty \@M
      \if@afterindent \else
        {\setbox\z@\lastbox}%
      \fi
    \else
      \clubpenalty \@clubpenalty
      \everypar{}%
    \fi}}

\newcommand{\section}{\@startsection {section}{1}{\z@}%
                                   {12pt}%
                                   {3pt}%
                                   {\reset@font\large\boldmath%
\bfseries\sectionfont}}

\newcommand{\subsection}{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
                                     {-12pt}%
                                     {3pt}%
                                 {\reset@font\large\boldmath%
\bfseries\subsectionfont}}
\newcommand{\subsubsection}{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
                                     {-12pt}%
                                     {3pt}
                           {\reset@font\normalsize\boldmath%
\bfseries\subsubsectionfont}}
\newcommand{\paragraph}{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
                                    {-12pt}%
                                    {-1em}%
                               {\reset@font\normalsize\bfseries\paragraphfont}}
\newcommand{\subparagraph}{\@startsection{subparagraph}{5}{\parindent}%
                                       {3.25ex \@plus1ex \@minus .2ex}%
                                       {-1em}%
                                      {\reset@font\normalsize\bfseries}}

%%% <<=== end section commands


%%% Verse, Quote, Extract ==>>

\newenvironment{verse}
               {\let\\=\@centercr
                \list{}{\itemsep      \z@
                        \itemindent   -1.5em%
                        \listparindent\itemindent
                        \rightmargin  \leftmargin
                        \advance\leftmargin 1.5em}%
                \item[]}
               {\endlist}
\newenvironment{quotation}
               {\small
\list{}{\listparindent 1.5em%
                        \itemindent    \listparindent
                        \rightmargin   \leftmargin
                        \parsep        \z@ \@plus\p@}%
                \item[]}
               {\endlist}
\newenvironment{quote}
               {\small
\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}%
                \item[]}
               {\endlist}
\let\extract\quotation
\let\endextract\endquotation
%% <<== end Verse, Quote, Extract 


%%% Math ===>>>
%%%%%%%%%%%%

\def\@eqnnum{\hbox{\@normalsize(\theequation)}} 
\def\xrelax{\relax}
\newif\iffirsttime
\global\firsttimetrue
\newif\ifequation

\def\themathletter{\relax}
\def\mathletter#1{\gdef\themathletter{#1}}
\def\spletter#1{\gdef\thespletter{#1}}
\spletter{}

\def\]{\relax\ifmmode\ifinner\@badmath\else$$\fi%%$$ BRACE MATCH HACK
        \else \@badmath \fi\ignorespaces}

\def\@@eqncr{\let\@tempa\relax 
    \ifcase\@eqcnt \def\@tempa{& & &}\or \def\@tempa{& &} 
      \else \def\@tempa{&}\fi 
     \@tempa 
\ifx\themathletter\xrelax
%% Aug. 9 bug fix ==>
\if@eqnsw
\stepcounter{equation}\fi
%% <==
\else\iffirsttime\global\firsttimefalse\stepcounter{equation}
\fi\fi
\if@eqnsw\@eqnnum 
\fi
\ifx\templabel\relax\else\savelabel{\templabel}\fi%%% <<=== oct 14, make label
\global\let\templabel\relax                  % catch current number and letter
\global\let\themathletter\xrelax %% <<=== oct 4
\global\@eqnswtrue\global\@eqcnt\z@\cr}

\def\eqnarray{\let\@currentlabel=\theequation
\let\label\xlabel
\global\@eqnswtrue
\global\@eqcnt\z@\tabskip\@centering\let\\=\@eqncr
$$\everycr={\noalign{\gdef\themathletter{\relax}}}
\halign to \displaywidth\bgroup\@eqnsel\hskip\@centering
  $\displaystyle\tabskip\z@{##}$&\global\@eqcnt\@ne 
  \hskip 2\arraycolsep \hfil${##}$\hfil
  &%
\global\@eqcnt\tw@ \hskip 2\arraycolsep $\displaystyle\tabskip\z@{##}$\hfil 
   \tabskip\@centering&\llap{##}\tabskip\z@\cr}

\def\endeqnarray{\@@eqncr\egroup
\global\firsttimetrue\spletter{}$$
\let\@currentlabel=\theequation
\ifx\templabel\relax\else\savelabel{\templabel}\fi%
\global\let\templabel\relax
\gdef\themathletter{\relax}\global\@ignoretrue}

%%% Just in case anyone wants a left aligned eqnarray

\newdimen\mathindent
\mathindent = \parindent

\def\lefteqnarray{\let\@currentlabel=\theequation
\let\label\xlabel
\global\@eqnswtrue
\global\@eqcnt\z@\tabskip\mathindent\let\\=\@eqncr
$$\everycr={\noalign{\gdef\themathletter{\relax}}}
\halign to \linewidth\bgroup\@eqnsel \hskip\@centering
  $\displaystyle\tabskip\z@{##}$&\global\@eqcnt\@ne 
  \hskip 2\arraycolsep \hfil${##}$\hfil  &%
\global\@eqcnt\tw@ \hskip 2\arraycolsep $\displaystyle\tabskip\z@{##}$\hfil 
   \tabskip\@centering&\llap{##}\tabskip\z@\cr}

\let\endlefteqnarray\endeqnarray

\def\leftequation{\let\label\xlabel
\@beginparpenalty\predisplaypenalty
\@endparpenalty\postdisplaypenalty
\trivlist \item[]\leavevmode
 \hbox to\linewidth\bgroup $\m@th% $ TO MAKE DOLLAR NESTING OK
  \displaystyle
\hskip\mathindent}

\def\endleftequation{$\hfil
\displaywidth\linewidth
%
\ifx\themathletter\xrelax\global\firsttimetrue%
\refstepcounter{equation}\else%
\iffirsttime\global\firsttimefalse\refstepcounter{equation}\fi\fi%
%
\@eqnnum\egroup 
%
\gdef\themathletter{\relax}\global\equationfalse
\global\@ignoretrue
\let\@currentlabel=\theequation
\ifx\templabel\relax\else\savelabel{\templabel}\fi%
\global\let\templabel\relax
%
\endtrivlist}

\let\savelabel\label % Aug 13, '93 bug fix
\def\xlabel#1{\gdef\templabel{#1}}
\let\templabel\relax

\def\equation{$$ % $$ BRACE MATCHING HACK
\let\label\xlabel
}

\def\endequation{%
\ifx\themathletter\xrelax\global\firsttimetrue%
\refstepcounter{equation}\else%
\iffirsttime\global\firsttimefalse\refstepcounter{equation}\fi\fi%
\eqno \@eqnnum % $$ BRACE MATCHING HACK
$$\gdef\themathletter{\relax}\global\equationfalse
\global\@ignoretrue
\let\@currentlabel\theequation
\ifx\templabel\relax\else\savelabel{\templabel}\fi%
\global\let\templabel\relax}

\@addtoreset{equation}{chapter}

\def\theequation{\thespletter\ifappendon% 
\applett.\arabic{equation}\themathletter\else\thechapter.\arabic{equation}%
\themathletter\fi}


%%% <<<=== end Math 


%%% Figure and Table Captions ==>>>
\newcounter{figure}[chapter]
\renewcommand{\thefigure}{\ifappendon\applett\else\thechapter\fi.%
\@arabic\c@figure\theletter}
\def\fps@figure{tbp}
\def\ftype@figure{1}
\def\ext@figure{lof}
\def\fnum@figure{\figurename~\thefigure}
\newenvironment{figure}
               {\@float{figure}}
               {\end@float}
\newenvironment{figure*}
               {\@dblfloat{figure}}
               {\end@dblfloat}
\newcounter{table}[chapter]
\renewcommand{\thetable}{\ifappendon\applett\else%
\thechapter\fi.%
\@arabic\c@table\theletter}
\def\fps@table{tbp}
\def\ftype@table{2}
\def\ext@table{lot}
\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}
\newenvironment{table}
               {\@float{table}}
               {\end@float}
\newenvironment{table*}
               {\@dblfloat{table}}
               {\end@dblfloat}
\newlength\abovecaptionskip
\newlength\belowcaptionskip
\setlength\abovecaptionskip{10\p@}
\setlength\belowcaptionskip{0\p@}

\def\xfigure{figure}

\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
\vskip\abovecaptionskip
\ifx\@captype\xfigure
\sbox\@tempboxa{{\fignumfont#1.\quad
\let\it\captionitalic
\figtextfont\let\newline\ % 
#2}}%
  \ifdim\wd\@tempboxa >.9\hsize%
  \fignumfont #1\ifcontinuedcaption\global\continuedcaptionfalse\else.%
\quad\fi%
\figtextfont #2%
  \else\global \@minipagefalse%
    \hbox to\hsize{\hfil\box\@tempboxa\hfil}%
  \fi%
\vskip\belowcaptionskip%
\else%% table caption
{\fignumfont#1\ifcontinuedcaption\global\continuedcaptionfalse\else.\quad\fi%
\tabtextfont #2\par}% 
\vskip8pt\fi%
\xdef\@currentlabel{\expandafter\csname p@\@captype\endcsname%
\expandafter\csname the\@captype\endcsname}%
%
\gdef\theletter{\relax}%
\global\continuedcaptionfalse}


%%% code to get text in tables to extend all the way to left and right
%%% of table

\def\xtable{table}
\def\@array[#1]#2{\setbox\@arstrutbox=\hbox{\vrule 
     height\arraystretch \ht\strutbox
     depth\arraystretch \dp\strutbox
     width\z@}\@mkpream{#2}\edef\@preamble{\halign \noexpand\@halignto
\bgroup%
\tabskip\z@\@arstrut\@preamble
\ifx\@captype\xtable\hskip-\tabcolsep\fi%% <==== Changed
\tabskip\z@ \cr}%
\let\@startpbox\@@startpbox \let\@endpbox\@@endpbox%
  \if #1t\vtop \else \if#1b\vbox \else \vcenter \fi\fi%
  \bgroup\let\par\relax% 
  \let\@sharp##\let\protect\relax \lineskip\z@\baselineskip\z@\@preamble}

%% new
\def\new@tabacol{\edef\@preamble{\@preamble\hskip0pt}}

\def\@tabclassz{\ifcase \@lastchclass\@acolampacol% 
\or \@ampacol \or
   \or \or \@addamp \or \@acolampacol\or \@firstampfalse 
\ifx\@captype\xtable \new@tabacol\else\@tabacol \fi%
\fi%
\edef\@preamble{\@preamble%
  \ifcase \@chnum%
     \hfil\ignorespaces\@sharp\unskip\hfil%
     \or \ignorespaces\@sharp\unskip\hfil%
     \or \hfil\hskip\z@ \ignorespaces\@sharp\unskip\fi}}


\def\tablenotes{\bgroup\parfillskip=0pt plus 1fil
\leftskip=0pt\relax \rightskip=0pt
\vskip2pt\footnotesize}
\def\endtablenotes{\vskip1pt\egroup}

\let\savetabular\tabular
\def\tabular{\tablefontsize\baselineskip=12pt\savetabular}
\@namedef{tabular*}#1{\def\@halignto{to#1}\tablefontsize\baselineskip12pt\@tabular}

\let\savehline\hline 
\def\sphline{\noalign{\vskip3pt}\hline\noalign{\vskip3pt}}

%%%%%%%%%



\def\widefigure{\clearpage
\advance\oddsidemargin-88pt
\advance\evensidemargin-88pt
\bgroup
\global\textwidth=\textheight 
\hsize=\textheight
\textheight=28.5pc
\thispagestyle{empty}\def\@captype{figure}}
\def\endwidefigure{\vskip1sp\egroup\clearpage
\global\textwidth=\savetextwidth
\advance\oddsidemargin88pt
\advance\evensidemargin88pt
}

\def\landscapemode{\clearpage
\advance\oddsidemargin-88pt
\advance\evensidemargin-88pt
\bgroup
\global\textwidth=\textheight 
\hsize=\textheight
\textheight=28.5pc
\thispagestyle{empty}}
\def\endlandscapemode{\vskip1sp\egroup\clearpage
\global\textwidth=\savetextwidth
\advance\oddsidemargin88pt
\advance\evensidemargin88pt
}

\def\widetable{\clearpage
\advance\oddsidemargin-88pt
\advance\evensidemargin-88pt
\bgroup\global\textwidth=\textheight 
\hsize=\textwidth
\thispagestyle{empty}
\bgroup\def\@captype{table}
\centering
}
\def\endwidetable{\vskip1sp\egroup
\vskip1sp\egroup
\clearpage
\global\textwidth=\savetextwidth
\advance\oddsidemargin88pt
\advance\evensidemargin88pt
}
%

\def\xtable{table}

\long\def\@makenarrowcaption#1#2{%
\vskip12pt
\hbox to\textwidth{\hss\vtop{\hsize=1.5in\parskip=6pt\footnotesize%
{\fignumfont\relax #1}\hskip1em\figtextfont\relax #2}}}

\def\narrowcaption#1{\let\@makecaption\@makenarrowcaption
\caption{#1}}

\def\dblcaption#1#2{
\hbox to\textwidth{%
\vtop{\textwidth=13.5pc\hsize13.5pc\caption{#1}}\hfill\vtop{\textwidth=13.5pc%
\hsize13.5pc\caption{#2}}}
}

\def\lettereddblcaption#1#2#3#4{
\hbox to\textwidth{%
\vtop{\textwidth13.5pc \hsize13.5pc\letteredcaption{#1}{#2}}\hfill%
\vtop{\textwidth13.5pc \hsize13.5pc\letteredcaption{#3}{#4}}}
}

%%%%%%%%%
%%%% Continued captions

\def\Nfnum@figure{Figure \thefigure\ {(continued)}\hfill\break}

\def\Nfnum@table{Table \thetable\ {(continued)}\hfill\break}

\def\Ccaption{\@dblarg{\C@caption\@captype}}

\long\def\C@caption#1[#2]#3{\par
\begingroup
    \@parboxrestore
    \normalsize
    \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces#3}\par
  \endgroup}

\newif\ifcontinuedcaption
\def\contcaption#1{\global\continuedcaptiontrue
{\let\fnum@figure\Nfnum@figure
\let\fnum@table\Nfnum@table
\Ccaption{#1}}}

\def\narrowcontcaption#1{\global\continuedcaptiontrue
{\let\@makecaption\@makenarrowcaption
\let\fnum@figure\Nfnum@figure
\let\fnum@table\Nfnum@table
\Ccaption{#1}}}

%%%%%%%%% Lettered Captions

\def\theletter{\relax}
\newif\ifxfirsttime
\xfirsttimetrue

\def\caption{\ifx\@captype\xtable
\vskip12pt
\ifx\theletter\xrelax
\global\xfirsttimetrue\refstepcounter\@captype\else
\ifxfirsttime\global\xfirsttimefalse\refstepcounter\@captype\fi\fi
\else
\ifx\theletter\xrelax
\global\xfirsttimetrue\refstepcounter\@captype\else
\ifxfirsttime\global\xfirsttimefalse\refstepcounter\@captype\fi\fi\fi
\edef\@currentlabel{\expandafter\csname p@\@captype\endcsname%
\expandafter\csname the\@captype\endcsname}
\xdef\currcaptype{\@captype}
\@dblarg{\@caption\@captype}}

\def\letteredcaption#1{\gdef\theletter{#1}\caption}

%%%%%%%%%

\def\fnum@figure{Figure\ \thefigure}
\def\fnum@table{Table\ \thetable}

%%% <<=== end Figure and Table Captions


%%% Table of Contents, List of Figures, LOT ===>>

\newcommand{\@pnumwidth}{1.55em}
\newcommand{\@tocrmarg} {2.55em}
\newcommand{\@dotsep}{4.5}

\newcommand{\tableofcontents}{%
\ifpreface\global\prefacefalse\else
\ifdedi\global\dedifalse
\setcounter{page}{7}\else
\setcounter{page}{5}\fi\fi
%%%%
%%%% change here, add the following line
    \chapter*{{\contentsname}
        \@mkboth{\uppercase{\contentsname}}{\uppercase{\contentsname}}}
%%%%
\rightrunninghead{\contentsname}
{\hyphenpenalty10000
\tocbodyfont
\baselineskip=12pt
\vskip1sp
\vskip-14pt
    \@starttoc{toc}%
    \if@restonecol\twocolumn\fi}
\newpage
\markboth{}{}
    }

\newcommand{\sptableofcontents}{%
    \chapter*{{\contentsname}
        \@mkboth{\uppercase{\contentsname}}{\uppercase{\contentsname}}}%
\rightrunninghead{\contentsname}
{\hyphenpenalty10000
\tocbodyfont
\baselineskip=11pt
\vskip1sp
\vskip-14pt
    \@starttoc{toc}%
    \if@restonecol\twocolumn\fi}
\newpage
\markboth{}{}
    }
\newskip\tocpartskip
\tocpartskip=8pt plus1pt
\def\l@part#1#2{%
    \vskip\tocpartskip
\ifdim \pagetotal >.8\pagegoal \vfill \eject \fi 
    \begingroup
      \setlength\@tempdima{3em}%
      \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
      \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
      {\leavevmode
\vskip1pt
        \tocbodyfont 
Part #1\hfil \hbox to\@pnumwidth{\hss %#2
}}\par
       \nobreak
         \global\@nobreaktrue
         \everypar{\global\@nobreakfalse\everypar{}}
    \endgroup
}

\def\l@chapter#1#2{%
  \ifnum \c@tocdepth >\m@ne
%    \addpenalty{-\@highpenalty}%
    \vskip 8pt %1.0em \@plus\p@
\ifdim \pagetotal >.95\pagegoal \vfill \eject \fi 
     \setlength\@tempdima{14pt}%
    \begingroup
\advance\hsize by -36pt
     \def\@pnumwidth{53pt}%
      \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
\advance\rightskip by-36pt
      \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
      \leavevmode 
\tocbodyfont
\leftskip=14pt
\hskip-\leftskip
      #1\nobreak\hfil\nobreak\hbox to0pt{\hss #2}\par
      \penalty\@highpenalty
    \endgroup
  \fi}

\def\l@spchapter#1#2{%
  \ifnum \c@tocdepth >\m@ne
    \addpenalty{-\@highpenalty}%
    \vskip 3pt %1.0em \@plus\p@
     \setlength\@tempdima{1.5em}%
    \begingroup
      \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
      \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
      \leavevmode \tocbodyfont
\leftskip=14pt
\hskip-\leftskip
     #1%<==
\nobreak\hfil \nobreak\hbox to\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}\par
      \penalty\@highpenalty
    \endgroup
  \fi}

\def\l@apchapter#1#2{%
  \ifnum \c@tocdepth >\m@ne
    \addpenalty{-\@highpenalty}%
    \vskip 8pt %1.0em \@plus\p@
     \setlength\@tempdima{1.5em}%
    \begingroup
      \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
      \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
      \leavevmode \tocbodyfont
\leftskip=14pt
\hskip-\leftskip
%      \advance\leftskip\@tempdima
%      \hskip -\leftskip
      #1\nobreak\hfil \nobreak\hbox to\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}\par
      \penalty\@highpenalty
    \endgroup
  \fi}

% \@dottedtocline{LEVEL}{INDENT}{NUMWIDTH}{TITLE}{PAGE} :
%   Macro to produce a table of contents line with the following
%   parameters:
%     LEVEL    : If LEVEL > \c@tocdepth, then no line produced.
%     INDENT   : Total indentation from the left margin.
%     NUMWIDTH : Width of box for number if the TITLE has a
%                \numberline command.
%                As of 25 Jan 88, this is also the amount of extra indentation
%                added to second and later lines of a multiple line entry.
%     TITLE    : Contents of entry.
%     PAGE     : Page number.
%
%  Uses the following parameters, which must be set by the document style.
%  They should be defined with \def's.
%    \@pnumwidth : Width of box in which page number is set.
%    \@tocrmarg  : Right margin indentation for all but last line of
%                  multiple-line entries.
%    \@dotsep    : Separation between dots, in mu units.  Should be \def'd to
%                  a number like 2 or 1.7
%
\def\@dottedtocline#1#2#3#4#5{%
\ifnum #1>\c@tocdepth \else \vskip \z@ plus.2\p@ {\leftskip #2\relax 
\rightskip \@tocrmarg \parfillskip -\rightskip \parindent #2\relax 
\@afterindenttrue \interlinepenalty \@M \leavevmode \@tempdima #3\relax 
\advance \leftskip \@tempdima \hbox {}\hskip -\leftskip #4%
\nobreak% \leaders \hbox {$\m@th \mkern
% \@dotsep mu.\mkern \@dotsep mu$}
\hfill\nobreak\hbox to\@pnumwidth% 
{\hss\reset@font\tocbodyfont #5}\par}\fi}



\def\l@section{\tocbodyfont\vskip2pt%\setlength\@tempdima{1pt}% was 18pt
\@dottedtocline{1}{14pt}{2.3em}}%% was 1.5em
\def\l@author{}
\def\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{%3.8em
39pt}{3.2em}}
\let\l@subsubsection\l@subsection
%\def\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
\def\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{10em}{5em}}
\def\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{12em}{6em}}

\def\listoffigures{\@restonecolfalse\if@twocolumn\@restonecoltrue\onecolumn\fi
\chapter*{List of Figures}
\markboth{List of Figures}{List of Figures}
 \addcontentsline{toc}{spchapter}{\protect
 \numberline{List of Figures\string\hss}}
\renewcommand{\@tocrmarg} {4.55em}% was 2.55em
\@starttoc{lof}\if@restonecol \twocolumn\fi}

\def\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{0}{1.5em}{3.3em}} %was 2.3

\def\listoftables{\@restonecolfalse\if@twocolumn\@restonecoltrue\onecolumn
 \fi\chapter*{List of Tables}\markboth{List of Tables}{List of Tables}
\renewcommand{\@tocrmarg} {4.55em}% was 2.55em
\@starttoc{lot}\if@restonecol
 \twocolumn\fi
 \addcontentsline{toc}{spchapter}{\protect
 \numberline{List of Tables\string\hss}}
}
\let\l@table\l@figure

%%% <<=== end TOC, LOT, LOF

%%% Bibliography, and References ===>>

% Make \cite yield citation in parenthesis or square brackets.
\def\@cite#1#2{\hskip1sp\relax%<== April 5, 1995, to let it break over lines.
\lcitebracket#1\if@tempswa , #2\fi\rcitebracket}

\def\lcitebracket{}\def\rcitebracket{} % default is no brackets


\def\kluwerbib{
\def\thebibliography##1{\notes\newpage\chapter*{References}
\gdef\rrunninghead{REFERENCES}
\expandafter\ifx\csname thisfinalchap\the\c@chapter\endcsname\relax\else
 \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\protect
 \numberline{References\string\hss}}\fi
\expandafter\gdef\csname thisfinalchap\the\c@chapter\endcsname{hello}
\everypar={}
\bgroup
\frenchspacing
\small
\parindent=-1pc
\leftskip=1pc
\vskip1sp
}

\def\endthebibliography{\vskip24pt\egroup\parindent=0pt\relax
\newpage}

\def\chapthebibliography##1{\notes\section*{References}
\gdef\rrunninghead{REFERENCES}
\expandafter\ifx\csname thischap\the\c@chapter\endcsname\relax\else
 \addcontentsline{toc}{section}{\protect
 \numberline{References\string\hss}}\fi
\expandafter\gdef\csname thischap\the\c@chapter\endcsname{hello}
\everypar={}
\bgroup
\frenchspacing
\small
\parindent=-1pc
\leftskip=1pc
\vskip1sp
}

\def\endchapthebibliography{\vskip24pt\egroup\parindent=0pt\relax
\newpage}

\def\chapreferences{\chapthebibliography{}}
\def\endchapreferences{\endchapthebibliography}

\def\references{\thebibliography{}}
\def\endreferences{\endthebibliography}

\def\newblock{}

\def\lcitebracket{}\def\rcitebracket{}

\def\@bibitem##1{\item\if@filesw 
\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{##1}{\the \c@enumi}}\fi%
\ignorespaces}

\def\@citex[##1]##2{%
\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{##2}}\fi
  \let\@citea\@empty
  \@cite{\@for\@citeb:=##2\do
    {\@citea\def\@citea{;\penalty\@m\ }%
     \def\@tempa####1####2\@nil%
{\edef\@citeb{\if####1\space####2\else####1####2\fi}}%
     \expandafter\@tempa\@citeb\@nil
     \@ifundefined{b@\@citeb}{{\reset@font\bf ?}\@warning
       {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
\expandafter\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}}{##1}}


\def\@lbibitem[##1]##2{\if@filesw
{\def\protect####1{\string ####1\space}%
\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{##2}{##1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}

\def\@bibitem##1{\par}

} % <======== end kluwerbib

%% default bib style, as opposed to \normallatexbib.
\kluwerbib

%%%%==>>

\def\normallatexbib{
\def\lcitebracket{[}\def\rcitebracket{]} % default is no brackets

\def\thebibliography##1{\newpage\chapter*{References}
\gdef\rrunninghead{REFERENCES}
\expandafter\ifx\csname thisfinalchap\the\c@chapter\endcsname\relax\else
 \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\protect
 \numberline{References\string\hss}}\fi
\expandafter\gdef\csname thisfinalchap\the\c@chapter\endcsname{hello}
\everypar={}
      \list{\@biblabel{\arabic{enumiv}}}%
           {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{##1}}%
            \leftmargin\labelwidth
            \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
            \if@openbib
              \advance\leftmargin\bibindent
              \itemindent -\bibindent
              \listparindent \itemindent
              \parsep \z@
            \fi
            \usecounter{enumiv}%
            \let\p@enumiv\@empty
            \renewcommand{\theenumiv}{\arabic{enumiv}}}%
      \if@openbib
        \def\newblock{\par}
      \else
        \def\newblock{\hskip .11em \@plus.33em \@minus.07em}%
      \fi
      \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%
      \sfcode`\.=\@m
\bgroup
\frenchspacing
\small
\vskip1sp
}

\def\endthebibliography{\vskip24pt\egroup\parindent=0pt\relax
     \def\@noitemerr
       {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
      \endlist
\newpage}

\def\chapthebibliography##1{\notes
\section*{References}
\gdef\rrunninghead{REFERENCES}
\expandafter\ifx\csname thischap\the\c@chapter\endcsname\relax\else
 \addcontentsline{toc}{section}{\protect
 \numberline{References\string\hss}}\fi
\expandafter\gdef\csname thischap\the\c@chapter\endcsname{hello}
\everypar={}
      \list{\@biblabel{\arabic{enumiv}}}%
           {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{##1}}%
            \leftmargin\labelwidth
            \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
            \if@openbib
              \advance\leftmargin\bibindent
              \itemindent -\bibindent
              \listparindent \itemindent
              \parsep \z@
            \fi
            \usecounter{enumiv}%
            \let\p@enumiv\@empty
            \renewcommand{\theenumiv}{\arabic{enumiv}}}%
      \if@openbib
        \def\newblock{\par}
      \else
        \def\newblock{\hskip .11em \@plus.33em \@minus.07em}%
      \fi
      \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%
      \sfcode`\.=\@m
\bgroup
\frenchspacing
\small
\vskip1sp
\item[]
}

\def\endchapthebibliography{\vskip24pt\egroup\parindent=0pt\relax
     \def\@noitemerr
       {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
      \endlist
\newpage}

\def\@lbibitem[##1]##2{\item[\@biblabel{##1}\hfill]%\if@filesw
%      {\let\protect\noexpand
%       \immediate
%       \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{##2}{##1}}}\fi
\ignorespaces}

\def\@bibitem##1{\item\if@filesw \immediate\write\@auxout
       {\string\bibcite{##1}{\the\value{\@listctr}}}\fi\ignorespaces}

\let\citation\@gobble
\ifll
\DeclareRobustCommand\cite{%
  \@ifnextchar [{\@tempswatrue\@citex}{\@tempswafalse\@citex[]}}
\def\@citex[##1]##2{%
  \let\@citea\@empty
  \@cite{\@for\@citeb:=##2\do
    {\@citea\def\@citea{,\penalty\@m\ }%
     \edef\@citeb{\expandafter\@firstofone\@citeb}%
     \if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{\@citeb}}\fi
     \@ifundefined{b@\@citeb}{\mbox{\reset@font\bfseries ?}%
       \G@refundefinedtrue
       \@latex@warning
         {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
       {%\hbox{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}
\expandafter\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname
}}}{##1}}
\else
\def\cite{\@ifnextchar [{\@tempswatrue\@citex}{\@tempswafalse\@citex[]}}

\def\@citex[##1]##2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout%
{\string\citation{##2}}\fi
  \let\@citea\@empty
  \@cite{\@for\@citeb:=##2\do
    {\@citea\def\@citea{,\penalty\@m\ }%
     \def\@tempa####1####2\@nil{\edef\@citeb{\if####1\space####2\else####1####2\fi}}%
     \expandafter\@tempa\@citeb\@nil
     \@ifundefined{b@\@citeb}{{\reset@font\bf ?}\@warning
       {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
     %\hbox{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}
\expandafter\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname
}}{##1}}
\fi
\let\bibdata=\@gobble
\let\bibstyle=\@gobble
\def\bibliography##1{%
  \if@filesw
    \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\bibdata{##1}}%
  \fi
  \input{\jobname.bbl}}
\def\bibliographystyle##1{%
  \ifx\@begindocumenthook\@undefined\else
    \expandafter\AtBeginDocument
  \fi
    {\if@filesw
       \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\bibstyle{##1}}%
     \fi}}
\expandafter\let\csname b@*\endcsname\@empty

\def\references{\thebibliography{10}
\item[]
}

\def\endreferences{\endthebibliography}

\def\chapreferences{\chapthebibliography{10}
\item[]
}

\def\endchapreferences{\endchapthebibliography}

}

\let\alphabib\normallatexbib
%% <===

%%%%%% Chapter Bibliography Using BibTeX

\def\chapbblname#1{\def\currentfilename{#1}}

\def\chapbibliography#1{%
\if@filesw \immediate \write \@auxout {\string \bibdata {#1}}\fi 
\expandafter\ifx\csname currentfilename\endcsname\relax
\typeout{^^J^^J As soon as your .bbl file is written,
^^J^^J
!! PLEASE WRITE \string\chapbblname\string{<Your .bbl File Name>\string} !!
^^J\space\space\space before \string\chapbibliography{#1}
^^J^^J
The BibTeX Chapter Bibliography, \string\chapbibliography^^J 
\space\space\space Will not print unless you supply this file name!
^^J^^J
}
\else
{\let\thebibliography\chapthebibliography
\let\endthebibliography\endchapthebibliography
\@input {\currentfilename.bbl}}\fi
}

%% <== end of references

%% end Bibliography, References and Acknowledgments



%%% Footnotes ===>>>

  \renewcommand{\footnoterule}{%
  \kern-3\p@
  \hrule width .4\columnwidth
  \kern 2.6\p@}

%% have values to return to
\let\savefootnote\footnote
\let\savefootnotetext\footnotetext
\let\savefootnoterule\footnoterule

  \let\footnoterule\relax

\long\def\@makefntext#1{%
    \parindent 1em%
    \noindent
    \@makefnmark#1}

\newcount\footnum
\newcount\savefootnum
\def\endnote#1{\global\advance\footnum by 1\relax$^{\the\footnum}$%
\long\expandafter\gdef\csname foot\the\footnum\endcsname{%
\vtop{\hsize=\textwidth \leftskip=1pc \relax\parindent=-1pc
\indent\hbox to12pt{\the\footnum\hfill}{#1\strut\vskip1sp}}\vskip1pt}}

\def\endnotetext#1{\global\advance\footnum by 1\relax
\long\expandafter\gdef\csname foot\the\footnum\endcsname{%
\vtop{\footnotesize\hsize=\textwidth\leftskip=12pt\relax\parindent=-12pt
\indent\hbox to12pt{\the\footnum.\hfill}{#1\strut\vskip1sp}}\vskip1pt}}


\let\footnote\endnote
\let\footnotetext\endnotetext

\def\notes{\ifnum\footnum=0\else
\section*{Notes}
\savefootnum=\footnum
\footnum=0
\noindent\loop\ifnum\savefootnum>\footnum%
\global\advance\footnum by1\relax%
\csname foot\the\footnum\endcsname\relax%
\expandafter\gdef\csname foot\the\footnum\endcsname{\relax}\relax%
\repeat\global\footnum=0\relax\fi\vskip1sp
}

%%% <<<=== End Footnotes



%%% Running heads ===>>>

%% unless we need these, leave these uncommented
    \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
    \let\chaptermark\@gobble
    \let\sectionmark\@gobble

\def\ps@headings{\let\@mkboth\markboth
 \def\@oddfoot{\iftitle%
\vbox to0pt{\vskip12pt
\hbox to\textwidth{\hfill\foliofont\thepage\hfill}
\vskip1sp
\vss}%
\global\titlefalse\fi}
 \def\@evenfoot{\iftitle\vbox to0pt
{\vskip12pt
\hbox to\textwidth{\hfill\foliofont\thepage\hfill}\vskip1sp\vss}%
\global\titlefalse\fi}
 \def\@evenhead{\iftitle\hfill\else{\foliofont \thepage}\hfill
\runningheadfont\lrunninghead\fi}
 \def\@oddhead{\iftitle\hfill\else{\runningheadfont\rrunninghead}%
\hfill\foliofont\thepage\fi}%
}



\markboth{}{}

\ps@headings

\pagestyle{headings}
\pagenumbering{roman}


%% Special use fonts ===>>

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%% Computer Modern font calls. These will be redefined
%% if PostScript fonts are used.
%%

%% Times-Roman
\def\timesroman{cmr10 }

%% Times-Bold
\def\timesbold{cmbx10 }

%% Times-Italic
\def\timesitalic{cmti10 }

%% Times-BoldItalic
\def\timesbolditalic{cmbx10 }

%% Helvetica
\def\helvetica{cmss10 }
\def\helveticamedium{cmss10 }
\def\helveticabold{cmssbx10 }
\def\helveticaoblique{cmsl10 }
\def\helveticaboldoblique{cmsl10 }

%% Special Use Fonts ==>>

%% Table of Contents
  \font\toctitlefont=\timesbold at 15pt % title of Table of Contents
  \font\tocbodyfont=\timesroman at 11pt % text of table of contents
  \font\tocauthorfont=\timesitalic at 10pt % used for introduction author

%% Running heads
  \font\runningheadfont=\timesitalic at10pt
  \font\foliofont=\timesroman at 11pt

%% Book Title, Half title page
%%  \font\halftitlefont=\helveticamedium at 18pt
  \font\halftitlefont=\helveticamedium at 26pt
%%  \font\booktitlefont=\helveticamedium at 18pt
  \font\booktitlefont=\helveticamedium at 24pt
  \font\subtitlefont=\helvetica at 12pt
  \font\seriestitlefont=\helveticamedium at 12pt
  \font\professorfont=\helvetica at 8pt
  \font\seriesbookfont=\helveticamedium at 8pt

%% changes from specs made here to compensate for the fact that
%% authors will usually not have helvetica medium

%%  \font\authorfont=\timesroman at 11pt %% specs call for \helvetica
  \font\authorfont=\timesroman at 16pt %% specs call for \helvetica
%%  \font\authoraffilfont=\helvetica at 9pt%% specs call for \helveticamedium
  \font\authoraffilfont=\helvetica at 14pt%% specs call for \helveticamedium
%%  \font\kluwerfont=\helveticabold at 9pt %% specs call for \helveticamedium
  \font\kluwerfont=\helveticabold at 14pt %% specs call for \helveticamedium
%%  \font\locationfont=\helvetica at 9pt
  \font\locationfont=\helvetica at 14pt

  \font\copyrightfont=\helveticamedium at 6pt
  \font\copyrighttextfont=\helvetica at 6pt

  \font\dedicationfont=\timesbolditalic at 10pt

%% Part Title
  \font\partfont=\timesbold at 16pt %\helvetica at 24pt
  \font\partnumberfont=\timesbold at 12pt %\helvetica at 42pt
  \font\partsubtitle=\timesbolditalic at 16pt %\helveticaboldoblique at 24pt

%% Chapter Title 
  \font\chapternumberfont=\timesroman at 15pt
  \font\chaptertitlefont=\timesbold at 15pt
  \font\schaptertitlefont=\timesbold at 15pt
  \font\chaptersubtitlefont=\timesitalic at 15pt

%% Section heads
  \font\sectionfont=\timesbold at 13pt
  \font\subsectionfont=\timesbold at 13pt
  \font\subsubsectionfont=\timesbold at 11pt
  \font\paragraphfont=\timesbold at 11pt

%% Theorem fonts
  \font\theoremfont=cmcsc10 at 11pt

%% Caption 
  \font\fignumfont=\timesitalic at 9pt
  \def\figtextfont{\small} %\timesroman at 9pt
  \def\tabtextfont{\small} %\timesroman at 9pt

%% Table fonts
  \def\tabletitlefont{\timesroman}
  \def\tablefontsize{\small}
  \def\tablefootnotesize{\footnotesize}

%% References/Bibliography
\def\bibfontsize{\small}

%% Text fonts
\font\bit=\timesbolditalic at 10pt

%% Fake Small Caps
\font\bigscfont\timesroman at 9.5pt
\font\smscfont\timesroman at 7.5pt


%%% <=== end special use fonts

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%% Fake Small Caps

% To use: \fakesc some stuff*
%% \bigscfont, \smscfont are listed in font section above.

\def\fakesc#1*{\edef\stuff{#1 }%
\expandafter\pickupnewword\stuff* }
\def\saveast{*}

\def\rrelax{\relax}

\def\pickupnewlett#1{\def\letter{#1}%
\ifx\letter\saveast\unskip% 
\let\go\relax \else%  
\ifx\letter\rrelax{\bigscfont\ }%
\let\go\pickupnewword\else% 
\uppercase{\def\ucletter{#1}%  upper case letter
\ifx\letter\ucletter%
{\bigscfont#1}\else{\smscfont#1}\fi}%% 
\let\go\pickupnewlett\fi\fi\go}

\def\pickupnewword#1 {\expandafter\pickupnewlett#1\relax}
%% <== end fakesc

%% Algorithm

{\obeylines

\gdef\looker{\ifx\next\lineending\vskip-4pt%
\noindent\else%
\ifx\next\end\vskip-4pt\let^^M\ \else%
\vskip0pt\noindent\fi\fi}

\gdef\lineending{\parfillskip=0pt plus1fil\relax\futurelet\next\looker}

\gdef\algorithm{\medskip
\def\note##1{\parfillskip=0pt\hfill##1}\def\ {\quad}%
\baselineskip=12pt\parskip=2pt\obeylines\let^^M=\lineending}


\gdef\endalgorithm{\medskip}

\gdef\algorithm{\bgroup\obeylines\obeyspaces\def\ {\quad}
\def\note##1{\parfillskip=0pt\hfill##1}
\leftskip=2pc\relax\let^^M=\lineending\relax}

\gdef\endalgorithm{\medskip\egroup}

}% end of obeylines

%% code example

\newif\ifcodeon
\newif\ifneedspace
{\obeylines\obeyspaces

\gdef\codelooker{\ifx\next\lineending\vskip-4pt%
\noindent\else%
\ifx\next\end\vskip-4pt\let^^M\ \else%
\vskip0pt\noindent\fi\fi}

\gdef\codelineending{\relax\futurelet\next\codelooker}

\gdef\codesamp{\medskip\global\codeontrue\baselineskip=12pt%
\parskip=2pt\tt\obeylines\obeyspaces\let^^M=\codelineending}
\gdef\endcodesamp{\global\codeonfalse\vskip12pt}

\gdef\spcodesamp{\baselineskip=12pt%
\parskip=2pt\tt\obeylines\obeyspaces\let^^M=\codelineending}

\gdef\codebox#1{\let\go\relax%
\ifcodeon\else\global\needspacetrue\let\go\spcodesamp\fi\go%
\global\dimen1=#1\relax\global\setbox0=\vbox\bgroup}

\gdef\endcodebox{\ifneedspace\global\needspacefalse\vskip\baselineskip\fi%
\egroup%
\vtop to \ht0{\vskip-3pt\hrule\hbox to\dimen1{\vrule height\ht0%
\hfill\vrule height\ht0 depth \dp0}\hrule\vss}%
\nobreak\vskip-\ht0\rlap{\hskip6pt\vbox{\unvbox0}}}}
%% <== end algorithm

%% ==> glossary
\def\glossary{\section*{GLOSSARY}
\everypar={}
\bgroup\leftskip=1pc \parindent=-1pc}
\def\term#1{\vskip2pt{\bf #1}\hskip1em\relax}
\def\endglossary{\vskip12pt\egroup}
%% <==

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%% Index ===>>>

% latex default

% latex default
\ifll
\newenvironment{theindex}
               {\if@twocolumn
                  \@restonecolfalse
                \else
                  \@restonecoltrue
                \fi
                \columnseprule \z@
                \columnsep 35\p@
\multicols{2}[\chapter*{Index}]
\markboth{INDEX}{INDEX}
\footnotesize
                \parindent\z@
                \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
                \let\item\@idxitem}
{\endmulticols
\onecolumn
\normalsize
\thispagestyle{empty}
\pagestyle{empty}
\leftskip=0pt\vskip1sp}
\newcommand{\@idxitem}  {\par\hangindent 40\p@}
\newcommand{\subitem}   {\par\hangindent 40\p@ \hspace*{20\p@}}
\newcommand{\subsubitem}{\par\hangindent 40\p@ \hspace*{30\p@}}
\newcommand{\indexspace}{\par \vskip 10\p@ \@plus5\p@ \@minus3\p@\relax}
\else
\newenvironment{theindex}
               {\if@twocolumn
                  \@restonecolfalse
                \else
                  \@restonecoltrue
                \fi
                \columnseprule \z@
                \columnsep 35\p@
\multicols{2}[\chapter*{Index}]
\markboth{INDEX}{INDEX}
\footnotesize
 \parindent\z@
                \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
                \let\item\@idxitem}
{\endmulticols
\onecolumn
\normalsize
\thispagestyle{empty}
\pagestyle{empty}
\leftskip=0pt\vskip1sp}
\newcommand{\@idxitem}  {\par\hangindent 40\p@}
\newcommand{\subitem}   {\par\hangindent 40\p@ \hspace*{20\p@}}
\newcommand{\subsubitem}{\par\hangindent 40\p@ \hspace*{30\p@}}
\newcommand{\indexspace}{\par \vskip 10\p@ \@plus5\p@ \@minus3\p@\relax}
\fi
%%% <<<=== end latex default Index

%%%%%%% Index Formatting

\def\testforadd{\addtoindex}

\def\seealso#1{\hskip16pt{\it See also\ }{#1}}

\def\ltr#1{\nobreak\vskip5pt
\hrule
\nobreak
\vskip3pt
{\bf#1}
\nobreak
\vskip5pt}

\newif\ifnosrtfile
\def\newinput#1{\openin1 #1 \ifeof1 \typeout{^^J^^JWarning:
There is no file #1.^^J^^J\space\space \string\kluwerprintindex\space
will not work without a \jobname.srt file.^^J^^J
\space\space Please run your sorting program 
on \jobname.inx\space
to produce \jobname.srt.^^J^^J}\global\nosrtfiletrue\else
\global\nosrtfilefalse\closein1 \relax\input #1\fi}

\def\authorinput#1{\openin1 #1 \ifeof1 \typeout{^^J^^JWarning:
There is no file #1.^^J^^J\space\space \string\authorindex\space
will not work without a \jobname.att file.^^J^^J
\space\space Please run your sorting program 
on \jobname.aut\space
to produce \jobname.att.^^J^^J}\global\nosrtfiletrue\else
\global\nosrtfilefalse\closein1 \relax\input #1\fi}


{\catcode`>=\active
\gdef\kluwerprintindex{
\catcode`>=\active%
\let>\doindex
\newinput{\jobname.srt} \catcode`\*=12 \catcode`>=12
\ifnosrtfile\let\doitnow\relax\else\let\doitnow\doindexending\fi
\doitnow
}

\gdef\doindexending{
\vskip-14pt
\endmulticols
\onecolumn
\thispagestyle{empty}
\leftskip=0pt\vskip1sp}

}

\let\saveanglebracket>

{\catcode`>=\active%
\newif\if@restonecol
\gdef\doindex #1{\multicols{2}[\chapter*{Index}]
\markboth{}{INDEX}
\bgroup
\let>\saveanglebracket
\def~{\relax}
\footnotesize
\noindent\ \unskip
\vskip-\baselineskip
\parindent=-\indexwrap \leftskip=\indexwrap
\def\,{\ifmmode\typeout{mmode^^J^^J}\mskip\thinmuskip\else\comma\fi}
 \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\vskip4pt\protect
 \numberline{Index\string\hss}}
\columnsep 35pt
\hfuzz=.5in
\def\checker{#1}
\widowpenalty0
\clubpenalty0
\parskip=0pt plus.001pt
\raggedright
\ifx\checker\testforadd\let\next=\relax\else\let\next=\beginindex\fi\next #1}
}

%%%%%%  Index Entries

\newwrite\innx
\immediate\openout\innx=\jobname.inx

\newif\ifsilent
\newif\ifnotsilent

\newcount\spcount
\def\oneast{\global\spcount=1}
\def\twoast{\global\spcount=2}

\def\astsplit#1*#2#3{{\xdef\pagenumzeros{\ifnum\count0<100
\ifnum\count0<10 00\else 0\fi\fi}\if#2\relax%
\def\,{\noexpand\comma}%
\writeit{#1}%
\else\if#3\relax
\def\,{\noexpand\comma}%
\writeita{#1}\else
\def\,{\noexpand\comma}%
\writeitb{#1}\fi\fi%
\ifnotsilent#1\global\notsilentfalse\fi}}

\def\inx#1{\global\notsilenttrue\inxx{#1}{}\unskip }
\def\inxx#1{\astsplit#1*\relax\relax\nopagebreak{}}

\def\romannums{\csname @roman\endcsname\c@page}

\def\writeit#1{\xdef\pagenumzeros{\ifnum\count0<100
\ifnum\count0<10 00\else 0\fi\fi}%
\ifx\thepage\romannums%
\write\innx{\noexpand#1 |{%
\pagenumzeros\the\count0\string\global\string\romanontrue}}\else
\write\innx{\noexpand#1 |{\pagenumzeros\the\count0}}\fi}

\def\writeita#1{\xdef\pagenumzeros{\ifnum\count0<100
\ifnum\count0<10 00\else 0\fi\fi}%
\ifx\thepage\romannums%
\write\innx{\noexpand#1 |{\pagenumzeros\the\count0
\oneast\string\global\string\romanontrue}}\else
\write\innx{\noexpand#1 |{\pagenumzeros\the\count0
\oneast}}\fi}

\def\writeitb#1{\xdef\pagenumzeros{\ifnum\count0<100
\ifnum\count0<10 00\else 0\fi\fi}%
\ifx\thepage\romannums%
\write\innx{\noexpand#1 |{\pagenumzeros\the\count0
\twoast\string\global\string\romanontrue}}\else
\write\innx{\noexpand#1 |{\pagenumzeros\the\count0
\twoast}}\fi}

\write\innx{\noexpand>}
\write\innx{\noexpand~}

%% end sending to index

%%%%%% Author Index Entries

\newwrite\annx


\def\authorastsplit#1*#2#3{{\xdef\pagenumzeros{\ifnum\count0<100
\ifnum\count0<10 00\else 0\fi\fi}\if#2\relax%
\def\,{\noexpand\comma}%
\awriteit{#1}%
\else\if#3\relax
\def\,{\noexpand\comma}%
\awriteita{#1}\else
\def\,{\noexpand\comma}%
\awriteitb{#1}\fi\fi%
\ifnotsilent#1\global\notsilentfalse\fi}}

\def\authorpickup#1{\authorastsplit#1*\relax\relax}
\def\anx#1{\global\notsilenttrue\authorpickup{#1}}
\def\anxx#1{\authorastsplit#1*\relax\relax}

\def\awriteit#1{\xdef\pagenumzeros{\ifnum\count0<100
\ifnum\count0<10 00\else 0\fi\fi}%
\ifx\thepage\romannums%
\write\annx{\noexpand#1 |{%
\pagenumzeros\the\count0\string\global\string\romanontrue}}\else
\write\annx{\noexpand#1 |{\pagenumzeros\the\count0}}\fi}

\def\awriteita#1{\xdef\pagenumzeros{\ifnum\count0<100
\ifnum\count0<10 00\else 0\fi\fi}%
\ifx\thepage\romannums%
\write\annx{\noexpand#1 |{\pagenumzeros\the\count0
\oneast\string\global\string\romanontrue}}\else
\write\annx{\noexpand#1 |{\pagenumzeros\the\count0
\oneast}}\fi}

\def\awriteitb#1{\xdef\pagenumzeros{\ifnum\count0<100
\ifnum\count0<10 00\else 0\fi\fi}%
\ifx\thepage\romannums%
\write\annx{\noexpand#1 |{\pagenumzeros\the\count0
\twoast\string\global\string\romanontrue}}\else
\write\annx{\noexpand#1 |{\pagenumzeros\the\count0
\twoast}}\fi}

\def\startauthorindex{
\immediate\openout\annx=\jobname.aut
\write\annx{\noexpand>}
\write\annx{\noexpand~}}

{\catcode`>=\active
\gdef\printauthorindex{
\catcode`>=\active%
\let>\doauthorindex
\let~\relax
\authorinput{\jobname.att} \catcode`\*=12 \catcode`>=12
\ifnosrtfile\let\doitnow\relax\else\let\doitnow\doindexending\fi
\doitnow
}}

\def\doauthorindex #1{\multicols{2}[\chapter*{Author Index}]
\markboth{AUTHOR INDEX}{AUTHOR INDEX}
\bgroup
\footnotesize
\noindent\ \unskip
\vskip-\baselineskip
\parindent=-\indexwrap \leftskip=\indexwrap
\def\,{\ifmmode\typeout{mmode^^J^^J}\mskip\thinmuskip\else\comma\fi}
 \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\protect\numberline{Author Index\string\hss}}
\columnsep 35pt
\hfuzz=.5in
\def\checker{#1}
\widowpenalty0
\clubpenalty0
\parskip=0pt plus.001pt
\raggedright
\ifx\checker\testforadd\let\next=\relax\else\let\next=\beginindex\fi\next #1}

{\catcode`>=\active
\gdef\printtopicindex{\catcode`>=\active%
\let>\dotopicindex
\let~\relax
\newinput{\jobname.srt} \catcode`\*=12 \catcode`>=12
\ifnosrtfile\let\doitnow\relax\else\let\doitnow\doindexending\fi
\doitnow
}}

\def\dotopicindex #1{\multicols{2}[\chapter*{Topic Index}]
\markboth{TOPIC INDEX}{TOPIC INDEX}
\bgroup
\footnotesize
\noindent\ \unskip
\vskip-\baselineskip
\parindent=-\indexwrap \leftskip=\indexwrap
\def\,{\ifmmode\typeout{mmode^^J^^J}\mskip\thinmuskip\else\comma\fi}
 \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\protect\numberline{Topic Index\string\hss}}
\columnsep 35pt
\hfuzz=.5in
\def\checker{#1}
\widowpenalty0
\clubpenalty0
\parskip=0pt plus.001pt
\raggedright
\ifx\checker\testforadd\let\next=\relax\else\let\next=\beginindex\fi\next #1}

%% end sending to author index

%% start formatting index

%%% Index Macros
%%% Copyright 1992, Amy Hendrickson
%%% TeXnology, Inc.
%%% All rights reserved.


\def\indexit#1{{\it\expandafter\capthis #1}}
\def\indexbf#1{{\bf\expandafter\capthis #1}}
\def\indexsl#1{{\sl\expandafter\capthis #1}}
\def\indextt#1{{\tt\expandafter\capthis #1}}

\def\lcindexit#1{{\it #1}}
\def\lcindexbf#1{{\bf #1}}
\def\lcindexsl#1{{\sl #1}}
\def\lcindextt#1{{\tt #1}}


\def\module{}\def\rightmodule{}
\def\splittocstuff#1{\global\indxnum=#1}

\def\onward{}

\def\addtoindex{\par}
\def\xaddtoindex{\addtoindex}

\def\endadd #1{\def\lfe{#1}\ifx\lfe\xaddtoindex 
\let\lfe\relax\let\more\relax\else
\if\lfe~
\let\more=\relax\let\lfe=\endindx\else
\ifx\lfe\munge\let\more=\relax\else
\ifx\lfe\testforadd\vskip1pt\let\more\relax\else
\par\let\more=\beginindex\fi\fi\fi\fi
\expandafter\more\lfe}

\newcount\indxnum
\newcount\oldindxnum

\def\comma{,\ }
\def\go{}
\def\compare{}
\def\eatthree#1,#2,{}
\def\eattwo#1,{}
\def\oldthreecol{}
\def\oldtwocol{}
\def\oldonecol{}

\newbox\savenumbox

\def\eatcommas{\ifx\twocol\empty%
\let\eat=\relax
\else
   \ifx\threecol\empty\let\eat=\eattwo\else
      \let\eat=\eatthree
    \fi
\fi\eat}

\def\splitoff#1,#2,#3,{\gdef\onecol{#1}\gdef\twocol{#2}%
\gdef\threecol{#3}\eatcommas}
\def\endin{}
\def\testind{\endin}
\def\testadd{\addtoindex}
\def\oldcompare{}
\newif\ifendindex
\newif\ifsavenum
\newcount\saveindxnum
\newif\ifnnum
\newdimen\indexwrap
\newdimen\indexindent

\def\endindx{\vskip1sp\egroup\@normalsize}

\newif\ifromanon

%% look here
\def\beginindex #1 |#2 #3{%
\parindent=-\indexwrap \leftskip=\indexwrap%
\def\module{}\let\oldrightmodule=\rightmodule%
\def\rightmodule{}%
\setbox0=\hbox{\expandafter\splittocstuff{#2}}%
\global\oldindxnum=\saveindxnum\relax%
\def\changenums{\ifnum\spcount<1%
\ifsavenum\global\savenumfalse\hbox{\unhbox\savenumbox}\fi%
, {\module\ifromanon\expandafter\romannumeral\fi%
\number\indxnum\rightmodule}\else%
\ifnum\spcount=1% 
\ifsavenum\global\savenumfalse\hbox{\unhbox\savenumbox}\fi%
, \underbar{\module\ifromanon\expandafter\romannumeral\fi%
\number\indxnum\rightmodule}%
\relax\global\spcount=0%
\else\ifnum\spcount=2%
\ifsavenum\global\savenumfalse\hbox{\unhbox\savenumbox}\relax%
\global\spcount=0\fi%
\global\spcount=0, {\bf\module\ifromanon\expandafter\romannumeral\fi%
\number\indxnum\rightmodule}%
\fi\fi\fi}%
\def\comparenums{\ifnum\oldindxnum=0\changenums\else%%%%
\ifnum\indxnum=\oldindxnum%
\ifx\oldrightmodule\rightmodule\relax%
\else%
, {\module\ifromanon\expandafter\romannumeral\fi%
\number\indxnum\rightmodule}\fi%
\else%
\advance\oldindxnum by 1\relax%
\ifnum\indxnum=\oldindxnum%
\ifnum\spcount=1%
\gdef\numinbox{\underbar{\ifromanon\expandafter\romannumeral\fi%
\number\indxnum\rightmodule}}%
\global\nnumtrue%
\else%
\ifnum\spcount=2\gdef\numinbox{\bf\ifromanon\expandafter\romannumeral\fi%
\number\indxnum\rightmodule}%
\global\nnumtrue%
\else%
\gdef\numinbox{\ifromanon\expandafter\romannumeral\fi%
\number\indxnum\rightmodule}\fi\fi%
\setbox\savenumbox=\hbox{--\hskip1sp\numinbox}%
\global\spcount=0%
\global\savenumtrue%
    \else%
\ifsavenum\global\savenumfalse\hbox{\unhbox\savenumbox}\changenums%
\else%
\changenums\fi\fi\fi\fi}%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\def\compare{#1}% now compare words
\ifx\compare\oldcompare\comparenums% 
   %% above test seems always to be false
\else\splitoff#1,{},{},%
   \ifx\onecol\oldonecol%
      \ifx\twocol\empty%
          \ifsavenum\global\savenumfalse\hbox{\unhbox\savenumbox}%
          \fi%
            \par\global\oldindxnum=0 
            \expandafter\capthis\onecol\comparenums%
              \gdef\lastonecol{\onecol}%
      \else%% 
          \ifx\twocol\oldtwocol%
               \ifx\threecol\empty%
               \else%
                    \ifx\threecol\oldthreecol%
                    \else%
                         \ifsavenum\global\savenumfalse%
                          \hbox{\unhbox\savenumbox}%
                         \fi%
                                  \par\global\oldindxnum=0\relax%
                                 \hskip2\indexindent\threecol\comparenums%% ***
                    \fi%
               \fi%
          \else%
               \ifsavenum\global\savenumfalse\hbox{\unhbox\savenumbox}%
               \fi%
                       \global\oldindxnum=0\relax
                   \ifx\threecol\empty% 
                     \par\hskip\indexindent\twocol\comparenums%% ***
                     \gdef\lasttwocol{\twocol}%
                   \else%% this is just for error control, 
                            %% when author has new third level
                            %% but neglects second level entry.
                      \ifx\onecol\lastonecol%
                      \else\par%
                       \expandafter\capthis\onecol\gdef\lastonecol{\onecol}%
                      \fi%
                           \ifx\twocol\lasttwocol%
                           \else%
                              \par\hskip\indexindent\twocol%
                              \gdef\lasttwocol{\twocol}%
                           \fi%
                             \par\hskip2\indexindent\threecol\comparenums% ***
                   \fi%
         \fi%
     \fi%
   \else
        \ifx\twocol\empty%
            \ifsavenum\global\savenumfalse\hbox{\unhbox\savenumbox}%
            \fi% 
                \par\global\oldindxnum=0\relax%
                \expandafter\capthis\onecol\comparenums%
                \gdef\lastonecol{\onecol}%
        \else%
            \ifx\threecol\empty%
                 \ifsavenum\global\savenumfalse\hbox{\unhbox\savenumbox}%
                 \fi%
                          \global\oldindxnum=0\relax%
                    \ifx\onecol\lastonecol%
                    \else\par%
                     \expandafter\capthis\onecol\gdef\lastonecol{\onecol}%
                    \fi%
                    \par\hskip\indexindent\twocol\comparenums%% ***
            \else%
                  \ifsavenum\global\savenumfalse\hbox{\unhbox\savenumbox}%
                  \fi%
                       \global\oldindxnum=0\relax%
                  \ifx\onecol\lastonecol%
                  \else\par%
                      \expandafter\capthis\onecol\gdef\lastonecol{\onecol}%
                  \fi%
                     \ifx\twocol\lasttwocol
                     \else%
                           \par\hskip\indexindent\twocol%
                           \gdef\lasttwocol{\twocol}%
                     \fi%
                       \par\hskip2\indexindent\threecol\comparenums% ***
           \fi%
      \fi%
   \fi%
\fi%
%%%%%
\gdef\oldcompare{#1}%
\global\saveindxnum=\indxnum%
\ifnnum\global\saveindxnum=0\global\nnumfalse\fi%
\global\let\oldonecol=\onecol\relax%
\global\let\oldtwocol=\twocol% 
\global\let\oldthreecol=\threecol% 
%
\def\turnoff{#3}\ifx\turnoff\testadd% 
\ifsavenum\global\savenumfalse\hbox{\unhbox\savenumbox}\fi%
\let\go=\relax\else\ifx\turnoff\testind\let\go=\relax%
\ifsavenum\global\savenumfalse\hbox{\unhbox\savenumbox}\fi\else%
\if\turnoff~\let\go=\endindx%
\ifsavenum\global\savenumfalse\unskip\hbox{\unhbox\savenumbox}\fi%
\else\let\go=\beginindex\fi\fi\fi\global\romanonfalse\go#3}



\let\lastonecol\relax
\let\lasttwocol\relax
\let\lastthreecol\relax
\let\oldonecol\relax
\let\oldtwocol\relax
\let\oldthreecol\relax


%% CHANGE INDEX FORMAT HERE ====>

%% If you DO NOT want the first letter of each first level index
%% entry to be capitalized, delete the % in front of the following line, 
%% and put % in front of the next line:

%\let\capthis\relax
\def\capthis#1{\uppercase{#1}}%

\indexindent=8pt %% indentation for index subentries
\indexwrap=24pt  %% indentation when term is too wide for column,
                 %% continues on following lines indented this much.

%%%%%
%% Frank Mittlebach's multicol macros, minus comments and
%% irrelevancies.

\def\multicols#1{\col@number#1\relax
  \@ifnextchar[\mult@cols{\mult@cols[]}}

\def\mult@cols[#1]{\@ifnextchar[%
  {\mult@@cols{#1}}%
  {\mult@@cols{#1}[\premulticols]}}

\def\mult@@cols#1[#2]{%
   \enough@room#2%
   #1\nobreak\par%\addvspace\multicolsep 
   \begingroup
   \prepare@multicols\ignorespaces}

\def\enough@room#1{\par \penalty\z@
   \page@free \pagegoal
   \advance \page@free -\pagetotal
   \ifdim \page@free <#1\newpage \fi}

\def\prepare@multicols{%
  \output{\global\setbox\partial@page
                 \vbox{\unvbox\@cclv}}\eject
  \vbadness9999 \hbadness5000
  \tolerance\multicoltolerance 
  \doublecol@number\col@number
  \multiply\doublecol@number\tw@
  \advance\baselineskip\multicolbaselineskip
  \advance\@colroom-\ht\partial@page
  \vsize\col@number\@colroom
  \advance\vsize\c@collectmore\baselineskip
  \hsize\columnwidth \advance\hsize\columnsep
  \advance\hsize-\col@number\columnsep
  \divide\hsize\col@number 
  \linewidth\hsize 
  \output{\multi@columnout}%
%  \multiply\count\footins\col@number
%  \multiply\skip \footins\col@number
  \reinsert@footnotes}

\def\endmulticols{\parskip=0pt
\par\penalty\z@
  \output{\balance@columns}\eject\nobreak%
\endgroup
}

\newcount\c@unbalance     \c@unbalance   = 0
\newcount\c@collectmore   \c@collectmore = 0

\newcount\col@number 
\newcount\doublecol@number
\newcount\multicoltolerance
                   \multicoltolerance = 9999
\newdimen\page@free
\newdimen\premulticols  \premulticols = 50pt
\newdimen\postmulticols \postmulticols= 50pt
\newskip\multicolsep 
      \multicolsep =0pt

\newskip\multicolbaselineskip 
                   \multicolbaselineskip=0pt
\newbox\partial@page

\def\process@cols#1#2{\count@#1\relax
     \loop #2%
     \advance\count@\tw@
     \ifnum\count@<\doublecol@number 
   \repeat}


\def\page@sofar{\unvbox\partial@page 
   \process@cols\z@{\wd\count@\hsize}%
\hbox to\textwidth{%
     \process@cols\tw@{\box\count@\hss}%
\box\z@}
}


\def\reinsert@footnotes{\ifvoid\footins\else
         \insert\footins{\unvbox\footins}\fi}

\def\multi@columnout{%
   \ifnum\outputpenalty <-\@Mi
   \speci@ls \else
   \splittopskip\topskip 
   \splitmaxdepth\maxdepth
   \dimen@\@colroom
   \divide\skip\footins\col@number
   \ifvoid\footins \else
      \advance\dimen@-\skip\footins 
      \advance\dimen@-\ht\footins   \fi
   \process@cols\tw@{\setbox\count@
            \vsplit\@cclv to\dimen@}%
   \setbox\z@\vsplit\@cclv to\dimen@
   \ifvoid\@cclv \else 
       \unvbox\@cclv
       \penalty\outputpenalty\fi     
   \setbox\@cclv\vbox{\page@sofar}%
   \@makecol\@outputpage
   \global\@colroom\@colht
   \process@deferreds
   \global\vsize\col@number\@colroom 
   \global\advance\vsize
      \c@collectmore\baselineskip
   \multiply\skip\footins\col@number\fi}

\def\speci@ls{%
   \unvbox\@cclv\reinsert@footnotes
   \gdef\@currlist{}}

\def\process@deferreds{%
   \@floatplacement 
   \begingroup
    \let\@tempb\@deferlist
    \gdef\@deferlist{}%
    \let\@elt\@scolelt
      \@tempb \endgroup}

\newif\ifshr@nking

\def\raggedcolumns{%
   \@bsphack\shr@nkingtrue\@esphack}

\def\flushcolumns{%
   \@bsphack\shr@nkingfalse\@esphack}

\newcount\loopcount

\newdimen\savedimen
\newdimen\fixdimen

\def\escapeloop{\gdef\iterate{}}

\let\saveiterate\iterate

\def\balance@columns{%
\loopcount=0
\fixdimen=0pt
   \splittopskip\topskip
   \splitmaxdepth\maxdepth
   \setbox\z@\vbox{\unvbox\@cclv}\dimen@\ht\z@
   \advance\dimen@\col@number\topskip
   \advance\dimen@-\col@number\baselineskip
   \divide\dimen@\col@number
   \advance\dimen@\c@unbalance\baselineskip
   {\vbadness\@M \loop
   {\process@cols\@ne{\global\setbox\count@
                              \box\voidb@x}}%
     \global\setbox\@ne\copy\z@
     {\process@cols\thr@@{\savedimen\ht\@ne \advance\savedimen by-\dimen@
\global\setbox\count@ \vsplit\@ne to\dimen@ 
\ifdim\savedimen>\ht\@ne % AH: TeX was forced to make box bigger than \dimen@.
\advance\savedimen by-\ht\@ne \advance\savedimen by -7.1pt 
\ifdim\savedimen>\fixdimen \global\fixdimen\savedimen\fi\fi}}%
    \ifdim\ht\@ne >\ht\thr@@
    \global\advance\dimen@\p@%.5\baselineskip
\global\advance\loopcount by1
\ifnum\loopcount=90 \escapeloop\fi
   \repeat}%
\let\iterate\saveiterate
\dimen@\ht\thr@@  
\ifdim\fixdimen>0pt \advance\dimen@ by \fixdimen\fi
   \process@cols\z@{\@tempcnta\count@ 
        \advance\@tempcnta\@ne
        \setbox\count@\vtop to\dimen@
           {\unvbox\@tempcnta
           \ifshr@nking\vfill\fi}
}%
   \global\vsize\@colroom 
   \global\advance\vsize\ht\partial@page
   \page@sofar
}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% Draft

\def\draft{\def\@oddfoot{\vtop to 0pt{\vskip24pt\large\tt
D R A F T\hfill\today, \realtime\hfill D R A F T\global\titlefalse\vss}}
\def\@evenfoot{\@oddfoot}}

\def\fix{\ifcase\oldtime 0\or0\or0\or%
0\or0\or0\or0\or0\or0\or0\fi}
\def\fixtiming{\ifcase\timing 0\or0\or0\or% 
0\or0\or0\or0\or0\or0\or0\fi}
\newcount\timing 
\newcount\hourcount
\newcount\oldtime 

\def\realtime{\timing=\time \oldtime=\time
\ifnum\timing>60 \divide\timing by 60
\hourcount=\the\timing
\multiply\timing by 60
\advance\oldtime by-\timing
\ifnum\hourcount<12 \number\hourcount:\fix\number\oldtime am\fi%
\ifnum\hourcount=12 \number\hourcount:\fix\number\oldtime pm\fi%
\ifnum\hourcount>12 \advance\hourcount by-12
\number\hourcount:\fix\number\oldtime pm\fi
\else12:\fixtiming\number\timing am\fi}

\newcommand{\today}{\ifcase\month\or
  January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
  July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
  \space\number\day, \number\year}


%% These are for compatibility with 2e.
\def\_{\leavevmode \kern .06em \vbox {\hrule width.3em}}

\def\@ldots{\mathinner {\mathchar"613A \mathchar"613A \mathchar"613A }}             
\def\ldots{\relax \ifmmode \@ldots \else \mbox {$\m@th \@ldots \,$}\fi} 


\long\def\aboutauthor#1{\chapter*{About the Author}#1}
\long\def\aboutauthors#1{\chapter*{About the Authors}#1}

%%%% \bio macro will make hanging indentation for photo
%%%% Use:
%%%% \picturewidth=<dimen>
%%%% \picturedepth=<dimen>
%%%% \bio{<name>}{<biography...>}

\newdimen\picturewidth
\newdimen\picturedepth
\newcount\linenumber
\newcount\parlinenumber

\def\pickuppar#1\par#2\par#3\par#4\par%
{\gdef\lookatpar{#1}\gdef\lookatpartwo{#2}
\gdef\lookatparthree{#3}\gdef\lookatparfour{#4}}

\long\def\bio#1#2{\bigskip{\small \parskip=0pt \parindent=6pt
\linenumber=\picturedepth % change from dimension to counter because
                          % we want to end up with a number not a dimension.
\divide\linenumber by 65536 % go from scaled points to normal points
\divide\linenumber by 8 % baselineskip in footnotesize
%
% To use \pickuppar to pick up the first paragraph:
\setbox0=\vbox{\advance\hsize by-\picturewidth \pickuppar
\noindent{\bf #1\ }#2\par\vskip1sp\par\vskip1sp\par\vskip1sp\par}
%
% To see height of first paragraph:
\setbox0=\vbox{\advance\hsize by-\picturewidth \noindent\lookatpar\vskip1sp}
\setbox1=\vbox{\advance\hsize by-\picturewidth \noindent\lookatpartwo
\vskip1sp}
\setbox2=\vbox{\advance\hsize by-\picturewidth \noindent\lookatparthree
\vskip1sp}
\setbox3=\vbox{\advance\hsize by-\picturewidth \noindent\lookatparfour
\vskip1sp}
% If there are enough lines available to fit picture in first paragraph:
\ifdim\ht0>\picturedepth
\hangindent=\picturewidth
\hangafter=-\linenumber
\noindent{\bf #1\ }#2
\else
% Now we will use two paragraphs to do the wrapping:
\parlinenumber=\ht0 % To see how many lines will be indented in first par
\divide\parlinenumber by 65536 % go from scaled points to normal points
\divide\parlinenumber by 8 % baselineskip in footnotesize
\global\advance\linenumber by-\parlinenumber 
\everypar={\global\everypar={
\hangindent=\picturewidth \hangafter=-\linenumber
\global\everypar={\doboxone 
\ifnum\linenumber>0
\hangindent=\picturewidth \hangafter=-\linenumber\fi
\global\everypar={\ifnum\linenumber>0
\doboxtwo 
\ifnum\linenumber>0
\hangindent=\picturewidth \hangafter=-\linenumber\fi
\else
\hangindent=0pt \hangafter=0
\fi
\everypar={\global\everypar={\ifnum\linenumber>0
\doboxthree
\ifnum\linenumber>0
 \hangindent=\picturewidth \hangafter=-\linenumber\fi
\else
\hangindent=0pt \hangafter=0
\fi}}}}}}
\hangindent=\picturewidth
\hangafter=-\parlinenumber
\noindent{\bf #1\ }#2\fi
\vskip1sp}\global\everypar={}}

\def\doboxone{\parlinenumber=\ht1 
\divide\parlinenumber by 65536 % go from scaled points to normal points
\divide\parlinenumber by 8 % baselineskip in footnotesize
\global\advance\linenumber by-\parlinenumber\relax}

\def\doboxtwo{\parlinenumber=\ht2 
\divide\parlinenumber by 65536 % go from scaled points to normal points
\divide\parlinenumber by 8 % baselineskip in footnotesize
\global\advance\linenumber by-\parlinenumber\relax}

\def\doboxthree{\parlinenumber=\ht3 
\divide\parlinenumber by 65536 % go from scaled points to normal points
\divide\parlinenumber by 8 % baselineskip in footnotesize
\global\advance\linenumber by-\parlinenumber\relax}

\let\saveenddocument\enddocument
\def\enddocument{\notes\saveenddocument}


%% Make adjustments for old versions of LaTeX2.09 ==>>
\expandafter\ifx\csname reset@font\endcsname\relax
\global\let\reset@font\relax
%%
\gdef\quote{\small\list {}{\rightmargin \leftmargin }\item []}
\gdef\endquote{\global \advance \@listdepth \m@ne \endtrivlist}
%%
\gdef\endfigure{%
\par \vskip\z@\egroup \ifnum \@floatpenalty <\z@ \@cons \@currlist \@currbox 
\ifdim \ht \@currbox >\textheight \ht \@currbox \textheight \fi 
\ifnum \@floatpenalty < -\@Mii \penalty -\@Miv \@tempdima \prevdepth 
\vbox {} \prevdepth \@tempdima \penalty \@floatpenalty 
\else \vadjust {\penalty -\@Miv \vbox {}\penalty \@floatpenalty}%
\@esphack\fi\fi}
%%
\gdef\endtable{%
\par \vskip \z@ \egroup \ifnum \@floatpenalty <\z@ \@cons \@currlist 
\@currbox \ifdim \ht \@currbox >\textheight \ht\@currbox\textheight\fi 
\ifnum \@floatpenalty < -\@Mii \penalty -\@Miv \@tempdima \prevdepth 
\vbox {} \prevdepth \@tempdima \penalty \@floatpenalty \else 
\vadjust {\penalty -\@Miv \vbox {}\penalty \@floatpenalty }\@esphack\fi\fi}
%%
\def\enddescription{%
\global \advance \@listdepth \m@ne \endtrivlist}%
\fi

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[chapter]
\def\thetheorem{\thechapter.\the\c@theorem}

\newtheorem{definition}{Definition}[chapter]

\def\@begintheorem#1#2{\trivlist
   \item[\hskip \labelsep{\bfseries{\theoremfont #1\  #2}}]\itshape}

\def\@opargbegintheorem#1#2#3{\trivlist
      \item[\hskip \labelsep{\bfseries{\theoremfont #1\ #2\ (#3)}}]\itshape}

%%%% side by side
%%%% to use: 
% \begin{figure or table} \sidebyside{}{} \end{figure or table}
%
% \begin{table} 
% \sidebyside{\caption{table caption} first table}
% {\caption{table caption} second table}
% \end{table}

% or

% \begin{figure} 
% \sidebyside{\vskip<dimen>\caption{fig caption}}
% {\vskip<dimen>\caption{fig caption}}
% \end{figure}

\long\def\sidebyside#1#2{%
\hbox to\textwidth{\vtop{\hsize=.45\textwidth%
\parindent=0pt
\centering
 
#1\vskip1sp}\hfill\vtop{\hsize=.45\textwidth%
\parindent=0pt
\centering
#2

}}}

\global\upperandlowertrue
\def\useuppercase{\global\upperandlowerfalse}

\endinput
Change log:
January 15, 2001
Made \useuppercase command to make section and
subsection heads and section* and subsection*
be uppercase by default.

November 13, 2000
Changed error message for printauthorindex to be appropriate
for that index; changed space in TOC between the two index
entries; changed endindex to not set page style to empty
so that second index can still have running heads.

October 19, 2000
Set upperandlower true so that section heads would
not be automatically capitalized. Changed makecaption
to add \global\continuedcaptionfalse to turn off continuedcaption,
which was making some caption numbers too close to caption
text.

October 3, 2000
Changed l@chapter, from 11pt to \setlength\@tempdima{14pt}%
to add more space in toc between chapter number and title
to accomodate 2 digit chapter numbers.

August 8, 2000
Changed \inxx{} so that it does leave a space after it.

July 26, 2000
Changed \inx{} so that it doesn't leave an extra space after it.

Also, change in \@makecaption to keep correct space after fig
number when centered caption is used.

May 4, 2000
Changed captions so that table captions never center,
always left align. Also changed continued captions
so that they work with this change.

March 27, 2000
Change to format of running head

March 1, 2000
Made \upperandlowercase work

November 5, 1999
This definition of endadd will allow \addtoindex ...\endadd
to work as last thing in the index:

\def\endadd #1{\def\lfe{#1}\if\lfe~
\let\more=\relax\let\lfe=\endindx\else
\ifx\lfe\munge\let\more=\relax\else
\ifx\lfe\testforadd\vskip1pt\let\more\relax\else
\par\let\more=\beginindex\fi\fi\fi
\expandafter\more\lfe}

September 4, 1999
Changes to tableofcontents to make subsections line up
right, and second line of chapter head align correctly.

July 1999
---------
Group of changes in response to requests by Suzanne.

April 29, 1999
Changed definition of \thesection to get rid of . which was
showing up in xref.

April 28, 1999
Got rid of period in labelenumi etc.

Changed edef to gdef in @sect and chapter

March 26, 1999
Changed beginindex to allow math to be used in \kluwerindex

Changed definition of \inx and \inxx to keep them from
allowing section heads to break over pages.

Changed definition of \narrowcaption so that xref label works
correctly.

September 8, 1998
Added a hack to keep chap references from sending info to
toc if there are two chap references in one chapter. Only
necessary to make sample pages look better; won't hurt
anything in real book production.

Changed \introduction to be flush left.

Set \setcounter{tocdepth}{3}, for subsections and subsubsections
to send info to toc.


August 30, 1998
Made \booktitle[short title]{long title} use short title for
running head.

August 26, 1998
Math sizing added to all title environments; bold math added to
section heads and all other other title environments; title page
made to resemble monograph style; page numbers on chapter title
pages centered; section numbering style changed.

Aug 6, 1998
Made no indent after headings

July 23, 1998
Major rewrite, including

\def\doindex #1{\multicols{2}[\chapter*{Index}]
\markboth{INDEX}{INDEX}
\bgroup
\def~{\relax} <========

Keeps error message from appearing about ~ not being printable
in tir.

June 30, 1998
changed \leftmargini 15pt so that enumerate isn't in the margin

May 20, 1998
Made LOF and LOT look like TOC, shortened the width
of text so that it won't run into page numbers.

April 26, 1998
Added \notes to \part so that endnotes stay in the
chapter that they were written in.

Apr 8, 1998
Added capability for separate author and topic indices;

Made index macros Amstex compatible by changing from
\ifx\turnoff\sptilde\let\go=\endindx% 
to
\if\turnoff~\let\go=\endindx% 

Apr. 6, 1998
Added set of curlys to \astsplit to prevent permanent redefinition
of \, .

Feb 27, 1998
Made better version of \sidebyside which will let figures
and tables float. 

Feb 11, 1998
Made toc start with vii if dedication is used before the toc;
otherwise start with v.

December 12, 1997
Changed \textheight to 45.5pc

December 10, 1997
Changed \textheight to 44.5pc

September 12, 1997
Changed appendix command so that commands given within an argument
will no longer cause error message.

Aug 11, 1997
Changed to have ; between multiple citations only in kluwerbib style

July 26, 1997
Changed printindex to kluwerprintindex to avoid any confusion for
authors using makeindex.

July 15, 1997
Changed 
\DeclareRobustCommand*{\cal}{\@fontswitch{\relax}{\mathcal}}
\DeclareRobustCommand*{\mit}{\@fontswitch{\relax}{\mathnormal}}
to
\DeclareRobustCommand{\cal}{\@fontswitch{\relax}{\mathcal}}
\DeclareRobustCommand{\mit}{\@fontswitch{\relax}{\mathnormal}}


July 8, 1997
Change to l@chapter to avoid error message when \part is
not used.

July 7, 1997
Deleted \let\theindex\printindex \let\endtheindex\relax
which messed up the index production when \makeindex
was used.

June 26, 1997
Obscure bug: \onecolumn in .sty/.cls file makes first page
use double vsize. Deleted it and the first page now works fine.

June 2, 1997
Made footnotetext work as endnote, made change
in @sect so that footnotemark isn't used twice
if it appears in a section head.

May 31, 1997
Got rid of \c@footnote=1, reset it to 0 in
chapter headings.

Got rid of extra space in definition of \theequation.

Added Chapter number and Appendix letter to chapter appendices.

April 21, 1997
Redid references so that we can now choose between
\kluwerbib and \normallatexbib styles.

March 10, 1997
Changed equation numbering in chapter appendices to 
also include chapter number, appendix letter and equation number.

March 6, 1997:
Changed equation numbering in appendices to only have
appendix letter and equation number.

Feb 28, 97:
Added theorem environment, made numbering start from 0 in 
appendices. Also made equation numbers include appendix letter.

Nov. 24
Change to end of index to keep omega from appearing with 2e.
Made makeindex commands work, balance columns at end.
Added \alphabib to have bibliographic marker and citation 
   have the [Knuth 96] form. (Default is no marker, and citation taking the 
   form of `Donald E. Knuth, 1986,')


Nov. 14
Added code that will keep old versions of LaTeX2.09 from choking;
added code that will keep older versions of 2e from having a problem
with \DeclareRobustCommand.

Nov. 13
Added \reset@font and def'ed \hb@xt@ to avoid error messages
with earlier versions of 2.09 and 2e

Sept. 17, 1996
Took out \theletter in \@currentlabel in definition
 of \caption.

Took out cropmark macros because there will be a problem
using them with various versions of output routines in 2e.

Sept. 13, 1996
Changed the appendix figure numbers, table numbers and equation numbers
to include the chapter number. 1-A.1 etc. Changed definition of
\enddocument to kick out any endnotes in the unlikely case
that they weren't used earlier.

Sept. 11, 1996
Made chapappendix produce letters for equations, figures, and 
tables, and reference labels, whether or not author has
appendix title.

Made appendix produce letters for equations, figures, and 
tables, and reference labels, whether or not author has
appendix title.

Made appendix title go to running head. 
Made \appendix[short title]{long title} possible so that author
can supply a short title.

Changed bk.doc to demonstrate the use of \appendix[short title]{long title}.

-----
Got rid of \count\footins=0 which made footnotes malfunction
when \let\footnote\savefootnote is used.


More to my kbk fixes, I noticed that the part title page differs from
our wordprocessing templates' part title pages. 
Note, it should look like:
I (12pt)
Part Title (16pt)

And it should print in the upper most left corner of the page.
